Heterosis, Combining Ability and Stability Analysis in Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.)
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Date
2018
Authors
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Publisher
MPUAT, Udaipur
Abstract
Heterosis, combining ability and stability analysis in bitter gourd
(Momordica charantia L.)”
Sanjay Kumar Acharya* Dr. R.A. Kaushik The present study entitled “Heterosis, Combining Ability and Stability
Analysis in Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.)” with the objectives to assess the
magnitude of heterosis, identifying good general and specific combiners and stability
analysis for yield, yield related components and quality parameters. The experiment
was conducted during kharif 2013 and Zaid 2014 at two different locations i.e.
Experimental Farm, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, MPUAT, Udaipur and field of
Progressive Farmers of Chittaugarh district which create four environments.
The analysis of variance revealed that the mean square due to genotypes,
parents, crosses and parents v/s crosses were significant for the majority of the traits.
The interaction of genotypes, parents, crosses and parents v/s crosses with the
environments were significant for all the characters except node number at which first
female flower appeared.
The variance due to parents and hybrids were significant for the entire yield
and yield related components. Among 45 hybrids significant heterobeltiosis for
number of fruits depicted by P1xP3 and P1xP8, for fruit length (cm) were observed in
number of hybrids were P6xP10, P5xP9, P7xP10, P9xP10 and P6xP9, for fruit weight (g)
hybrids viz P6xP7, P5xP6, number of seeds per fruit were recorded in P4xP6, vine
length depicted the per cent heterobeltiosis in P6xP7, P3xP6 and P5xP7 and for yield per
vine (kg) were recorded in P6xP7 and P5xP6 over the environments.
Among ten pistillate parents, good general combiners for various traits studied
were IC-85605 for days to anthesis of first male flower, MDU-1 and Green Long for
days to anthesis of first female flower, Solan Hara and Pusa Do Mausmi for number
of male flower per vine & yield per vine, Solan Collection for number of female
flower per vine, IC- 68237 for number of primary branches per vine, fruit length, fruit
diameter & number of fruits per vine, MDU-1 for specific gravity, IC-85605 and IC-
45346 for number of seeds per fruit, Pusa Do Mausmi for vine length and IC-85605,
IC-68237 & Solan Collection for TSS and ascorbic acids over the pooled
environments.
Among the 45 hybrids good specific combiners for various characters studied
were Solan Collection x IC-85605 for days to anthesis of first male flower, 12 hybrids
registered significant and negative estimates for days to anthesis of first female
flower, Solan Collection x IC 6872-1 for node number at which first female flower
* Ph.D. Research Scholar, Department of Horticulture, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Udaipur
** Professor (Horticulture) & Director Resident Instruction, MPUAT, Udaipur
appeared, Pusa Do Mausmi x Solan Hara for number of male flower per vine,
IC45346 x IC 85605 and MDU-1x PDM for number of female flower per vine, MDU
-1 x Solan Hara and Solan Collection x IC 68237 for number of primary branches per
vine.
Solan Collection x IC 68237 for number of fruits per vine, IC 68237 x MDU-1
for fruit length, IC 68237 x MDU-1 for fruit weight, hybrid Green Long x Pusa Do
Mausmi for specific gravity, hybrid BG-14x Pusa Do Mausmi for number of seeds
per fruit, hybrids like IC-68237x MDU-1, IC-68272 x Solan Hara for yield per vine.
Hybrids Pusa Do Mausmi x Solan Hara and IC-68272 x Green Long for TSS and IC-
68237 x Green Long & Pusa Do Mausmi x Solan Hara for ascorbic acid content
The stability analysis revealed that mean square due to genotypes was
significant for all the characters in the experiments. The mean square due to linear
component i.e. G x E (linear) was significant for all the characters except node at
which first female flower appeared. The significant mean squares due to pooled
deviation for all the traits except node at which first female flower appeared and yield
per vine depicted that the genotypes differed considerably with respect to their
stability and prediction for these traits would be difficult.
From the entire study three best economic hybrids IC-85605 x IC-45346 and
MDU-1 x IC-85605 were identified on the basis of their high per se performance,
GCA effect, heterosis, heterobeltiosis and economic heterosis for total yield/vine, fruit
weight and fruit diameter respectively.
While critically analyzing the overall performance of ten parents studied,
MDU-1xBG-14, SCxIC-68237 appeared to be the most promising hybrid, which
exhibited high SCA, high heterosis and heterobeltiosis and economic heterosis for
yield character.
Description
Heterosis, Combining Ability, Stability Analysis, Bitter Gourd djsyk
Keywords
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Citation
Acharya. S.K, and Kaushik. R.A.