STUDIES ON GENETIC VARIABILITY, MORPHOLOGY, YIELD AND QUALITY TRAITS IN BATHUA (Chenopodium album L.)

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Date
2018-07-28
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K.R.C. COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE COLLEGE OF ARABHAVI (UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCES, BAGALKOT)
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The investigation on “Studies on genetic variability, morphology, yield and quality traits in bathua” was conducted in the field of Vegetable Science of Kittur Rani Channamma College of Horticulture, Arabhavi. Fifteen genotypes collected from NBPGR, New Delhi and nine genotypes from different parts of Karnataka were evaluated in randomized block design with three replications during kharif 2017. The analysis of variance revealed highly significant (both at P=0.01 and P=0.05) difference among the genotypes for all the characters studied indicating the higher magnitude of variability in the germplasm. The very high estimates of heritability coupled with high values of genetic advance over per cent mean (GAM) were observed for traits such as leaf area, inflorescence length, inflorescence fresh weight, fresh weight of plant, dry weight of plant, foliage yield per plant, vitamin-A, protein, calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc indicates predominance of additive components for these traits and hence direct selection would be more effective in improving these traits. The results on correlation and path analysis revealed high positive and significant association of foliage yield per plant with characters Viz., plant height, number of leaves per plant, number of branches per plant, leaf area, stem girth, fresh weight of plant, dry weight of plant, foliage yield per plot and foliage yield per hectare and these characters also had high direct and indirect effect on foliage yield per plant. Hence direct selection for these traits would be more useful in the improvement of yield per plant. Based on Mahalonobi’s D2 analysis, 24 genotypes were grouped into 4 clusters. The cluster II showed maximum intra-cluster distance (D2 = 294.46), whereas, the maximum inter cluster distance was observed between cluster II and IV (D2 =1585.98). Among the 28 characters studied, magnesium content (37.32%) contributing maximum to genetic diversity. Top five genotypes viz., HUB-7, HUB-8, HUB-6, IC-540842, and IC-540831 were recorded high foliage yield per plant and quality parameters. Therefore, these genotypes can be further assessed for their stability.
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