GENETICAL STUDIES FOR FRUIT YIELD AND RELATED TRAITS IN BACTERIAL WILT RESISTANT GENOTYPES OF TOMATO (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
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Date
2018-06-08
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CSKHPKV, Palampur
Abstract
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most widely produced and consumed vegetables in the world both for fresh market and processed food industries. Its cultivation in commercial growing pockets of Himachal Pradesh is severely affected due to bacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. Resistant genotypes have been developed at various research centres, located within the country and abroad but these genotypes were not found suitable for growing in Himachal Pradesh as these are lacking in one or other characteristics. The present investigation entitled “Genetical studies for fruit yield and related traits in bacterial wilt resistant genotypes of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)” was carried out by evaluating 29 bacterial wilt resistant genotypes of tomato (developed in the Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture, CSK HPKV, Palampur) along with three bacterial wilt standard checks viz., Arka Vikas (National check), Palam Pride and Palam Pink (State checks) with the objectives to assess the magnitude of the genetic variability in bacterial wilt resistant genotypes of tomato, to find out the inter-relationship among component traits and direct and indirect contribution on marketable fruit yield, and to identify the most promising genotypes. These genotypes were evaluated in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications in summer-rainy season, 2017 at the Vegetable Research Farm of the Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture, COA, CSK HPKV, Palampur. To ascertain the severity of the disease, two susceptible checks, Roma and Arka Meghali were planted at every alternate 11th row in the experiment. All the genotypes and resistant checks exhibited a high degree of resistance level (>90% plant survival). The maximum marketable yield per plant was produced by the genotypes HPBT-8 (1.44kg) and was significantly at par with HPBT-17 (1.42kg), HPBT-23 (1.38kg), HPBT-2 (1.29kg) and also with the standard check Palam Pink (1.36kg). These top performing genotypes also excelled in other horticultural traits. For most of the characters high to moderate PCV and GCV estimates along with high heritability and genetic advance were observed. The estimates of PCV were higher than corresponding GCV for all the characters studied which indicated that the apparent variation is not only due to genotypes but also due to the influence of environment. Marketable yield per plant was positively and significantly correlated with gross yield per plant, total fruits per plant, marketable fruits per plant, pericarp thickness and average fruit weight, whereas negatively and significantly correlated with titrable acidity and ascorbic acid. Days to 50 per cent flowering had significant positive association with marketable yield per plant at genotypic level. Path coefficient analysis revealed that gross yield per plant and total fruits per plant had the maximum positive contribution towards marketable yield per plant at phenotypic and genotypic level, respectively. Hence, these traits require special attention to improve upon marketable yield and other component traits.
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