STUDIES ON DEVELOPMENT OF POMATO THROUGH GRAFTING UNDER PROTECTED ENVIRONMENT

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Date
2016-06-30
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CSKHPKV, Palampur
Abstract
Pomato is an innovative plant developed by simple grafting of tomato as a scion on potato as a rootstock. Potato and tomato are the crops of high economic importance and being genetically similar they can be easily grafted together and grown as a single plant producing potatoes and tomatoes on the same plant. With rapid urbanization and industrialization cultivable land is becoming the most limiting resource especially in urban areas making intensive cultivation practices inevitable to produce more crops per unit area to fulfill the quality food requirements of the ever increasing population. Crop plants like pomato can be a suitable alternate in maximizing the potential of crops with efficient utilization of land and other resources. No systematic research work has been conducted in India on this aspect, therefore to generate substantial practical and useful information the present investigation entitled “Studies on development of pomato through grafting under protected environment” was undertaken at Vegetable Research Farm, Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture, CSK HPKV, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh with the objectives to develop pomato plant through grafting, to find out the best recombinant on the basis of yield and component traits and to work out the cost of cultivation. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design with three replications and data was recorded on various horticultural and quality traits for potato and tomato. Kufri Himalini has been found to be the best rootstock for tomato scion. Cleft grafting is reported as best grafting method which resulted in maximum survival of grafted plants as well as maximum grafting success rate. Whereas, the effect of tongue grafting was more pronounced on yield and quality traits of either of the crop species. GS-600 was found to be the best compatible scion for potato rootstocks. Rootstock-scion combination of Kufri Himalini and GS-600 was found to be the best recombinant on the basis of yield and component traits. Treatment combination V2G1S2 (V2 = Kufri Himalini, G1 = Tongue grafting and S2 = GS-600) resulted into maximum survival of grafted plants (93.25%), tuber yield per plant (471.80 g), tuber yield per square meter (2.83 kg) in potato and number of marketable fruits per plant (22.55), marketable fruit yield per plant (1.74 kg), marketable fruit yield per square meter (10.44 kg) and harvest duration (97.33 days) in tomato. Minimum days to first flowering (47.33), days to first harvest (140.00) and maximum ascorbic acid content (21.34 mg/100g) in tomato was recorded in treatment combination V3G1S2 (V3 = Kufri Giriraj, G1 = Tongue grafting and S2 = GS-600). Maximum TSS (6.47°Brix) in potato, average fruit weight (89.32 g) and plant height (276.34 cm) in tomato were recorded in treatment V1G2S2 (V1 = Kufri Himsona, G2 = Cleft grafting and S2 = GS-600). Treatment combination V2G2S1 (V2 = Kufri Himalini, G2 = Cleft grafting and S1 = Avtar (7711)) recorded maximum fruit length (5.42 cm) and fruit width (5.72 cm) in tomato. Maximum average tuber weight (139.04 g) in potato and TSS (7.60°Brix) in tomato fruits were recorded in treatment V3G1S1 (V3 = Kufri Giriraj, G1 = Tongue grafting and S1 = Avtar (7711)). Maximum pericarp thickness (8.23 mm) in tomato was recorded in treatment combination V1G1S1 (V1 = Kufri Himsona, G1 = Tongue grafting and S1 = Avtar (7711)). Treatment combination V1G1S2 (V1 = Kufri Himsona, G1 = Tongue grafting and S2 = GS-600) recorded maximum starch content (24.58%) in potato. Maximum number of tubers per plant (4.81) in potato were recorded in treatment combination V2G1S1 (V2 = Kufri Himalini, G1 = Tongue grafting and S1 = Avtar (7711)). Data indicated that there was no significant effect of interaction between rootstocks, grafting methods and scions on days to harvest in potato. Pomato resulted in cost-benefit ratio of 1:2.12 which was significantly higher than sole cultivation of tomato (1:1.93) and potato (1:0.26) under protected environments.
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