Age Related Histomorphological and Histochemical Studies on Pancreas in Janpnese Quail Coturnix coturnix japonica
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Date
2018
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MAFSU, Nagpur
Abstract
The present study was conducted on 48 samples of pancreas of Japanese
quail from first week to fourth week of age. Japanese quail pancreas was appeared
as whitish, elongated, ribbon shaped organ, located between descending and
ascending segment of duodenal loop located on right side of the abdominal cavity.
The pancreas was consisted of four lobes namely dorsal, ventral, third and splenic
lobe.
Each lobe of pancreas of Japanese quail in all age group of birds was
composed of capsule, septa, exocrine part and endocrine part. The connective
tissue capsule ensheathed each pancreatic lobe. The thin connective tissue septa
divided the pancreatic parenchyma into lobules of different shapes and sizes.
The exocrine part was consisted of serous tubuloacinar glands of
spherical to ovoid shape lined by single layer of pyramidal to columnar cells with
basally placed spherical nucleus. The basal cytoplasm of glandular epithelial cells
was intensely basophilic with apical acidophilic zymogen granules. Darkly stained
flattened centroacinar cells were located in the lumen of tubuloacinar glands. Duct
system in all lobes of pancreas in all age groups of birds consisted of intercalated
ducts, intralobular ducts, interlobular ducts and interlobar ducts.
The endocrine part was composed of islets of Langerhans of different shapes
and sizes, distributed in exocrine part. The cellular population of islet was formed by
alpha cell, beta cell and delta cell. The delta cells were mostly located towards the
periphery of islets.
The average diameter of alpha, beta and delta cells of pancreatic islets
showed significant increase with the advancement of age. The average diameter
between alpha, beta and delta cells significantly varied.
Based on of cellular population, three types of islets of Langerhans namely
alpha, beta and mixed islets were observed in all lobes of all age groups of birds.
The alpha islets were larger and of varied shapes constituted by alpha cells with fewperipheral delta cells. The beta islets were smaller spherical, ovoid to elongated in
shape consisted of beta and delta cells. Mixed islets were few and consisted of
alpha, beta and delta cells. The number and diameter of alpha islets was noticed
more in splenic lobe followed by third lobe of pancreas in all age group of birds.
Weak to intense PAS activity was recorded in various components of
pancreas in all age group of birds. The general histological structure of all four lobes
of pancreas in Japanese quail was similar in all age groups.
The weight, length and width of the pancreas showed significant statistical
variations with the advancement of age. The histological structure of all four lobes of
pancreas in Japanese quail was similar in all age groups.
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