Assessment of genetic diversity in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
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Date
2008-06
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
The present investigation was undertaken at Vegetable Research Centre of G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar during rabi season of 2006-07. The experiment material consisted of 24 genotypes grown in Randomized Block Design with three replications. Observations were recorded for twelve tuber yield and their contributing characters viz., emergence percentage at 30 days after sowing, plant height, number of stems per plant, number of tubers per hill, average tuber weight, specific gravity, total soluble solids, tuber diameter, dry matter content, ascorbic acid content, protein content and tuber yield. Statistical analysis of data was done using the standard programme for genetic variability in general performance, genotypic and phenotypic variance, coefficient of variation, heritability, genetic advance, correlation coefficient, path coefficient analysis, principal component analysis and non-hierarchical Euclidean cluster analysis of component traits on yield. Analysis of variances revealed significant differences among the genotypes for all the characters. Genotypes J/95-227 (7.81 kg/m²), MS/92-3128 (6.06 kg/m²), Kufri Puskar (5.87 kg/m²) and Kufri Sutlaj (5.82 kg/m²) were promising for yield. High phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation were recorded for tuber yield, followed by average tuber weight. High level of broad sense heritability and genetic advance as percentage of mean were recorded for tuber dry matter content and protein content, respectively. Correlation studies indicated that tuber yield (kg/m²) was positive and significantly correlated with average tuber weight, tuber diameter, number of tubers per plant, number
of stems per plant and emergence percentage at 30 DAS whereas, quality traits like ascorbic acid content, tuber dry matter content and protein content showed negative correlation with tuber yield. Maximum positive direct effect on tuber yield per meter square was imposed by tuber weight, number of tuber per plant, tuber diameter, ascorbic acid content, dry matter content, protein content, number of stem per plant and specific gravity. However, negative direct effects on tuber yield were observed for plant height, emergence per cent at 30 DAS and total soluble solids. Twenty four genotypes were grouped into eight non overlapping clusters based on agronomic and quality traits using non-hierarchical Euclidean cluster analysis, maximum inter cluster distance was found between cluster I and IV. Genotypes were categorized in fifteen groups on the basis of contrasting characters of plant growth, shoot, leaf and tuber. Thus on the basis of the above findings genotypes J/95-227, MS/92-3128, Kufri Puskar and Kufri Sutlaj were found to be superior for tuber yield.
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