MODELING OF HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES IN A RAVINOUS WATERSHED IN SOUTH-EASTERN RAJASTHAN

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Date
2017
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Center for Protected Cultivation Technology
Abstract
The water availability is limited but the demand of water is increasing fast due to growing population, rapid industrialization, rapid urbanization, and economic development. Therefore, available water resources need to be managed properly to meet increasing demands of water. In the present study, different hydrological processes were modeled to assess the water availability in the Bada khera ravinous watershed located in South-Eastern Rajasthan in order to develop a proper water utilization plan. The daily surface runoff was estimated using NRCS-CN (table) method, NRCS-CN (optimized) method, NAPI method and IHACRES model. The performance of all these methods was evaluated on the basis of statistical parameters like Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Coefficient of Determination (R2 ), Relative Bias (RB) and Nash-Sutcliffe Modeling Efficiency (E). The daily potential and actual groundwater recharge in the watershed were estimated using unsaturated flow model HYDRUS 1D and Water Table Fluctuation (WTF) method respectively. The daily potential groundwater recharge, volumetric water balance components and water availability in the farm pond was assessed using Dynamic Potential Groundwater Recharge Simulation (DPGRS) model. The results revealed that for the estimation of surface runoff the IHACRES model was found better than other methods. The mean surface runoff estimated using IHACRES model was 24.5 per cent of average annual rainfall. It was observed that the mean cumulative potential groundwater recharge in the watershed was found to be 3.24 cm (6.91 per cent of average annual precipitation of the region). The average actual recharge estimated by WTF method was found to be 8.3 per cent of average annual precipitation which was comparable with the HYDRUS 1D model. The potential recharge from farm pond varied from 63-90 per cent of total inflow into the pond with an average of 75 per cent. The total annual water availability in the selected watershed estimated as 989 TCM. For the judicious utilization of available water, the construction of additional water harvesting structures has been proposed. With the additional water, farmers can irrigate wheat, mustard, chickpea and coriander crops with 3, 2, 1, 6 numbers of irrigation respectively in total 442 ha area. Keywords: Watershed, HYDRUS 1D, DPGRS, Groundwater recharge.
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t-9727
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