MODELING OF HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES IN A RAVINOUS WATERSHED IN SOUTH-EASTERN RAJASTHAN
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Date
2017
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Publisher
Center for Protected Cultivation Technology
Abstract
The water availability is limited but the demand of water is increasing fast due to
growing population, rapid industrialization, rapid urbanization, and economic
development. Therefore, available water resources need to be managed properly to
meet increasing demands of water. In the present study, different hydrological
processes were modeled to assess the water availability in the Bada khera ravinous
watershed located in South-Eastern Rajasthan in order to develop a proper water
utilization plan. The daily surface runoff was estimated using NRCS-CN (table)
method, NRCS-CN (optimized) method, NAPI method and IHACRES model. The
performance of all these methods was evaluated on the basis of statistical parameters
like Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Coefficient of Determination (R2
), Relative
Bias (RB) and Nash-Sutcliffe Modeling Efficiency (E). The daily potential and actual
groundwater recharge in the watershed were estimated using unsaturated flow model
HYDRUS 1D and Water Table Fluctuation (WTF) method respectively. The daily
potential groundwater recharge, volumetric water balance components and water
availability in the farm pond was assessed using Dynamic Potential Groundwater
Recharge Simulation (DPGRS) model. The results revealed that for the estimation of
surface runoff the IHACRES model was found better than other methods. The mean
surface runoff estimated using IHACRES model was 24.5 per cent of average annual
rainfall. It was observed that the mean cumulative potential groundwater recharge in
the watershed was found to be 3.24 cm (6.91 per cent of average annual precipitation
of the region). The average actual recharge estimated by WTF method was found to
be 8.3 per cent of average annual precipitation which was comparable with the
HYDRUS 1D model. The potential recharge from farm pond varied from 63-90 per
cent of total inflow into the pond with an average of 75 per cent. The total annual
water availability in the selected watershed estimated as 989 TCM. For the judicious
utilization of available water, the construction of additional water harvesting
structures has been proposed. With the additional water, farmers can irrigate wheat,
mustard, chickpea and coriander crops with 3, 2, 1, 6 numbers of irrigation
respectively in total 442 ha area.
Keywords: Watershed, HYDRUS 1D, DPGRS, Groundwater recharge.
Description
t-9727
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