Studies on Genetic variability in chilli (Capsicum annum L.) germplasm through morphological and biochemical markers
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Date
2015-06-25
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College of Horticulture and Forestry, Central Agricultural University, Pasighat
Abstract
Analysis of variance revealed that significant difference among the genotypes for all the characters. High PCV and GCV, heritability and genetic gain were observed for all the characters except days to 50% flowering.
Correlation studies indicated that green fruit yield per plant was positively and significantly correlated with weight of green fruit, weight of ripe fruit, weight of dry fruit, fruit length,fruit girth , fruit pedicel length, number of seed per fruit and dry fruit yield per plant but negative and significant association was established with days to 50% flowering and capsaicin content.
Maximimum positive direct effect on green fruit yield per plant was imposed by dry fruit yield per plant, weight of green fruit, fruit length and ascorbic acid content. However, high negative direct effect was observed for weight of dry fruit. Divergence study revealed that number of seed per fruit contributed maximum percent to diversity followed by fruit length, fruit pedicel length, capsaicin content, fruit girth and weight of ripe fruit. Maximum inter cluster distance was observed between cluster IV and VI and indicated that the genotypes within these were highly divergent.
SDS-PAGSE analysis showed considerable variation in band number of protein which ranged from 8-18. Protein banding profile showed that the genotype CHFC-50 (A landrace of Pasighat, Arunachal Pradesh) was most distantly related to CHFC-52 (A landrace of Maram, Manipur). Hence, it was recommended that these two genotypes (CHFC-50 and CHFC-52) could be utilized for crossing programme to create more genetic diversity. SDS-PAGE marker data provided more sub grouping and revealed higher amount of diversity as compared to morphological data in present study.
Description
The present investigation was conducted during March-October 2014 at vegetable Research Farm, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Central Agricultural University, Pasighat, Arunachal Pradesh in 31 Chilli. The experiment was laid out in randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Genetic Variability was studied for characters viz., days to 50% flowering, plant height (cm), weight of green fruit (g),weight of ripe fruit (g),weight of dry fruit (g), fruit length (cm), fruit girth (cm), fruit pedicel length (cm), number of fruit per plant, number of seed per fruit, dry fruit yield per plant (kg), ascorbic acid content (mg/100g), capsaicin content (%) and green fruit yield per plant (kg). Data were analyzed statistically for phenotypic and genotypic variance, coefficient of variation, heritability, genetic advance, genetic gain, correlation coefficient, path coefficient, genetic divergence and seed protein banding pattern.
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