E f f e c t o f p r u n i n g a n d p l a n t g r o w t h r e g u l a t o r o n f r u i t y i e l d & q u a l i t y o f s a p o t a ( M a n i l k a r a z a p o t a L . ) c v . C r i c k e t B a l l
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Date
2018-08-28
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Abstract
A field experiment was conducted to study the “Effect of pruning and plant growth
regulator on fruit yield & quality of sapota (Manilkara zapota L.) cv. Cricket Ball ”, at the
Horticulture Research Station, Bhubaneswar under Department of Fruit Science & Horticulture
Technology, College of Agriculture, Orissa University of Agriculture & Technology during the
year 2017-18. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with twenty five treatments
replicated twice. In the main plot five levels of pruning and sub plot five levels of growth
regulators were studied for their sole and interaction effect. However the 1 st pruning was done
in 55 years old sapota plant in the year 2013 but subsequently in the present year only 4 healthy
shoots with good crotch angle were selected to maintain the primary branch of the pruned tree.
Remaining shoots were thinned out periodically to develop a sturdy framework with open
centre system. In secondary and tertiary branch pruned trees, thinning was done. Five levels of
pruning were (P 1 ) control, (P 2 ) tip clipping of terminal shoots, (P 3 ) pruning of tertiary branches,
(P 4 ) pruning of secondary branches,(P 5 ) pruning of primary branches and five levels of growth
regulators were (G 1 ) control, (G 2 ) 20 ppm GA 3 , (G 3 ) 50 ppm NAA, (G 4 ) 100 ppm IAA, (G 5 ) 20
ppm 2,4-D as foliar spraying. Highest leaf chlorophyll content (27.85SPAD), canopy spread
(11.988m in E-W & 10.51m in N-S directions), number of flowers per shoot (9.61), fruit drop
(60.406%)were observed in unpruned tree. Whereas maximum leaf area (47.616cm 2 ), fruit
set(13.498%), fruit weight(138.066g), pulp weight(120.076g),TSS(24.686 0 B), ascorbic acid(14.
63g/100g) and lowest fruit drop(51.98%), acidity(0.146%) were observed in primary branch
pruned trees. Among the growth regulators, NAA@50ppm produced highest leaf
area(45.974cm 2 ),
plant(119.4),
no. of flowers per shoot(8.886), fruit set(15.032%), no. of fruits per
yield(14.906kg/tree), ascorbic
acid
(14.666mg/100g)
and
lowest
fruit
drop(50.564%).Whereas GA 3 @20ppm produced highest chlorophyll content (25.46SPAD),
canopy spread(9.814m in E-W & 8.808m in N-S), fruit weight(134.494g), pulp
weight(115.974g), TSS(24.908 0 B) and lowest acidity(0.15%), seed weight(1.116g). Hence it is
concluded that pruning of primary branches improves the fruit quality in subsequent years
where as the growth regulator NAA@50ppm influences the yield attributes like fruit set and
fruit retention. As per the combined effect pruning and growth regulator simultaneously have
significant effect on yield and quality. The treatment combination tip clipping of terminal
shoots followed by spraying of NAA@50ppm produced highest fruit yield (19.48kg/tree) and
was the best among all other treatments.
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