Biology and Feeding Potential of Pseudaspidimerus trinotatus (Thunberg) (Coleoptera : Coccinellidae) and Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) (Neuroptera : Chrysopidae) on bean aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch
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Date
2008-11
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Agricultural Entomology Department, N. M. College of Agriculture, Gujarat Agricultural University
Abstract
Investigation on biology and feeding potential of
Pse udaspidimerlls trinotafus (Thunberg) and ChrysoperJa carnea
(Stephens) on bean aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch were carried out
in the Bio-control Laboratory, Department of Agricultural
Entomology, N. M, College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural
University, Navsari during the year December 2006 to February
2007 and December 2007 to February 2008, The laboratory
experiment was conducted against larvae of C. carnea to evaluate
the relative toxicity of different insecticides during February 2008.
Studies on the biology P. trinotatus on A. craccivora
indicated that the lady bird beetle did not lay eggs on leaves under
the laboratory condition when fed on A. craccivora , However, they
were laid on under surface of the lid of the container near to the
grooves. The eggs were spindle shaped and pale yellow in colour.
The average incubation period and hatching percentage were 4,92
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±0.778 days and 87 .93 ± 2.589 per cent, respectively. The larvae
passed through four instars. The average developmental period of
first, second, third and fourth instar larva was 1.52 ± 0.505, 2.78 ±
0.790, 2.44 ± 0.501 and 3.40 ± 0.495 days, respectively. The
average total larval period was 10. I 4 ± 1.340 days whi Ie; the
prepupal and pupal period were 1.50 ± 0.505 and 7.82 ± 1.335
days, respectively. The average pre-oviposition, oviposition and
post-oviposition period were 7.54 ± 1.249, 17 .50 ± 2.140 and 5.76
± 0.771 days, respectively. The average fecundity of the female
was 142.76 ± 17.75 eggs. The average longevity of male and
female was 26.40 ± 3.017 and 30.80 ± 2.515 days, respectively.
Total life cycle occupied on an average of 50.78 ± 3.495 days by
male and 55.18 ± 3.348 days by female . The measurements of
various stages of P. trinotatlls were also recorded .
Studies on feeding potential of P. trinotatlls revealed
that the average consumption of A. craccivora by first , second,
third and fourth instar larva, male, and female adults were 3.34 ±
1.002, 7.70 ± 2.159, 12.70 ± 2.772, 34.70 ± 5.203, 91.76 ± 10 .85
and 134.74 ± 14.17 aphids, respecti vely. The predator consumed on
an average 58.40 ± 7.130 aphids during its development. During
entire life period of P. trinotatus consumed on an average 171 .69 ±
13.17 aphids when reared on A. craccivora.
Biology of C. carnea on A. craccivora revealed that
the freshly laid eggs were stalked, oval and pale green in colour,
which turned to dark grey prior to hatching . The average
incubation period was 4.46 ± 0 .503 days while the hatching
percentage was 79.87 ± 2.822 . The larva passed through three
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distinct instars. The mean duration of first, second and third instar
larva was 2.52 ± 0.505, 3.14 ± 0.729 and 3.50 ± 0.580 days~
respectively. The average total larval period was 9.16 ± 0.997 days
when fed on A. craccivora. The average prepupal and pupal period
were 1.00 ± 0.00 and 7.620 ± 0.945 days, respectively. Mean preoviposition,
oviposition and post oviposition period was 4.92 ±
0.752, 23.84 ± 3.454 and 7.58 ± 1.032 days, respectively. The
average egg producing capacity of gravid female was found to be
509.96 ± 77.43. An average longevity of male and female was
26.58 ± 3.855 and 36.34 ± 3.311 days, respectively. Total life cycle
occupied was of 50.25 ± 4.389 days in male and 58.58 ± 3.357
days in female under the laboratory condition. The morhpometrics
of various stages of C. carnea were also recorded during the
present investigation.
Laboratory studies on the feeding potential of C. carnea
on A. craccivora indicated that the larvae of first, second and third
instar consumed 33.68 ± 7.58, 86.88 ± 18.17 and 276.8 ± 37.90
aphids, respectively. A single predatory larva consumed on an
average 397.32 ± 38.86 aphids during its developmental period.
The result of the study on relative toxicity of different
insecticides revealed that the treatment of profenophos 40 per cent
+ cypermethrin 4 per cent (Polytrin - C 0.044 %) and acetamiprid
0.004 per cent proved to be most toxic to the larva of C. carnea.
Further, methyl-O-demeton 0.05 per cent, thiamethoxam 0.005 per
cent, endosulfan 0.075 per cent and imidacloprid 0.005 per cent
were found moderately toxic to the larva. However, dimethoate
0.03 per cent found safer to the larvae of C. carnea.
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SHINDE CHANDRASHEKHAR UTTAMRAO_39337