Diagnosis & Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) to identify yield limiting nutrients of an intensively rice grown soil (Inceptisol)

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Date
2018
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Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar
Abstract
Rice-rice is an important production system for eastern India. Over years of continuous cropping the system has lost its potential to sustain the productivity. For restoration of the degraded soil there is an urgent need to understand the changes in the soil properties that have occurred over years, and correctly identify the nutrients limiting that crop yield. By soil test method actual nutrient that limits crop yield is not always correctly identified and therefore precise and effective fertilizer recommendation could not be done.The Present investigation was therefore made to identify nutrients limiting crop yield under rice rice system in the order of limiting importance by using DRIS, which is an integrated Plant Nutritional diagnostic technique developed by Beaufils (1973) In order to fulfill the objective a 10 year old long term fertilizer experiment conducted on a light textured sandy loam a acidic soil of Bhubaneswar with 12 numbers of manurial treatments was used. Leaf samples were collected at flowering stage of crop grown in two seasons, kharif 2015 and rabi 2015 -16 for Plant analysis of different nutrients. Various nutrient ratios were computed for determining DRIS Index ofindividual nutrient following standard computational method DRIS Index values obtained were arranged in ascending order from most negative to most positive value. From index value nutrient balance index (NBI) was calculated by the summation of the absolute values. Higher the NBI value, greater is the nutrient imbalance. Based on this concept, in kharif100%N treatment had highest NBI of 155.13 was found to be nutritionally most imbalanced and 100%NPK +FYM with smallest NBI of 20.07 was nutritionally most balanced treatment. In rabi season the unmanured control with highest NBI (237.14)was most imbalanced followed by 100%NPK+Zn (174.32),100%N(133.28),100%PK(117.18) and 100% NPK +FYM was the most balanced treatment followed by 100%NPK+FYM and Lime(39.75) . Based on the DRIS indices and average NBI (NBIa) it is observed that continuous application of RDF(100%NPK),nitrogen is the most limiting followed by phosphorous and potassium in both kharif and rabi season and . By increasing the dose by 50% phosphorous was found be the most limiting nutrient after 10 years followed by sulphur and nitrogen. Addition of 5t FYM to RDF however improved the situation with more balanced nutrition. However, after 10 years calcium with DRIS index of -12.38 appeared to be limiting followed by K and Mg. In kharif potassium was the limiting nutrient in most treatments. Where as in rabi, nitrogen was most deficient. Thus depending on the treatment, the nutrients limiting crop yield varied and the limiting nutrients also varied in terms of their extent of deficiency. Besides the nutrients which are sufficient to excess could also be determined .There is seasonal difference with respect to nutrients limiting crop yield. Nutrients limiting crop yield as identified through plant analysis DRIS method are not always same to those found deficient by soil test method. DRIS technique can be applied to different crops and different agroclimatic situations to identify the nutrients limiting crop yield under a particular situation.
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