COMPARISON OF CANINE PYOMETRA TREATMENT PROTOCOLS BY USING MIFEPRISTONE, CLOPROSTENOL AND CABERGOLINE”

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Date
2017-12-29
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PVNR TVU
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Present study was undertaken on canine pyometra consisting of 18 bitches of different breeds with known breeding history and open and closed type of pyometra. The clinical cases were divided randomly into three different groups each group consisting of six bitches. Diagnosis of pyometra was done by correlating the history and clinical signs with the findings of abdominal palpation, radiography and ultrasonography. The physiological, haematological and biochemical parameters were evaluated before and at the end of treatment. Group I bitches were treated with progesterone antagonist i.e. mifepristone @ 10 mg/kg Bwt PO on day 0. Once pus discharges observed from vagina, bitches were treated with cloprostenol sodium @ 1 μg/kg Bwt SC every 48 hrs until complete cessation of pus discharge from vagina. Bitches in Group II were treated with cloprostenol sodium @ 1 μg/kg Bwt SC every 48 hrs until complete cessation of pus discharge from vagina. Bitches in Group III were treated with synthetic PGF2α i.e. cloprostenol sodium @ 1 μg/kg Bwt SC every 48 hrs for 2 administrations, later dopamine agonist prolactin inhibiting drug i.e. cabergoline @ 5 μg/kg Bwt PO until complete cessation of pus discharge from vagina, antibiotic supportive therapy was given to bitches of all the three groups. The most common clinical signs observed in the bitches affected with pyometra were vaginal discharge with polyuria, polydipsia, anorexia, lethargy and vomiting. Abdominal palpation revealed an obvious uterine enlargement, radiography revealed a fluid filled dense tubular structure larger in diameter than small intestinal loops in ventral and caudal area of abdomen displacing loops of intestine dorsally and cranially, and ultrasonography revealed an enlarged uterus with convoluted, tubular horns filled with anechoic to hypoechoic fluid. Physiological parameters revealed that rectal temperature and respiration rate were increased in the bitches affected with pyometra which decreased significantly at the end of treatment groups whereas heart rate did not reveal any significant change. In haematological parameters, haemoglobin, packed cell volume (PCV), total erythrocyte count (TEC) and lymphocyte count were decreased in the bitches affected with pyometra which increased after treatment but it was not significant in all groups. The total leucocyte count, neutrophil count and monocyte count were increased in the bitches affected with pyometra which showed significant decreased after end of treatment. Biochemical parameters of bitches affected with pyometra showed increased levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, aspartate transaminase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) which decreased significantly after end of treatment. Alanine xxvii transaminase (ALT) level was decreased in the bitches affected with pyometra which increased significantly in the bitches after end of treatment. However, no significant change was observed in the mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and eosinophil count. Recovery of the bitches were observed basing on the disappearance of clinical signs such as decreased or complete lack of vaginal discharge, decreased uterine diameter as done by abdominal palpation and inability of the uterus to be visualized by radiography or ultrasonography correlating with physiological, haematological and biochemical findings. It is concluded that treatment of closed pyometra using mifepristone and cloprostenol and open pyometra using Cloprostenol alone or combination of Cloprostenol and cabergoline were found to be successful treatment. Treatment of canine pyometra by using combination of Mifepristone and Cloprostenol was found to be the most effective method among all the three therapeutic protocols used in the present study.
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