HETEROSIS AND COMBINING ABILITY STUDIES IN BOTTLE GOURD [Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl.]
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Date
2014-08
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K.R.C. COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE, ARABHAVI (UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCES, BAGALKOT)
Abstract
The investigation on “Heterosis and combining ability studies in bottle gourd” was undertaken at Vegetable Science Unit of Kittur Rani Channamma College of Horticulture, Arabhavi, Belgaum (Karnataka). Thirty six crosses were developed by crossing 12 lines with each of three testers. Crosses were evaluated along with the parents and commercial check in randomized block design with two replications and data was subjected to line × tester analysis. The magnitude of heterosis over the commercial check (Warad) was very high in the desirable direction and it ranged from -58.00 to 71.40 per cent for vine length at 45 days after sowing (DAS), -42.66 to 44.08 per cent for vine length at 75 DAS, -29.49 to 8.12 per cent for number of branches at 75 DAS, -29.78 to 21.35% per cent for sex ratio (M: F), -33.33 to 26.67 per cent for number of fruits per vine, -25.57 to 24.42 per cent for fruit length, -23.58 to 94.13 per cent for fruit diameter, -37.50 to 150.00 per cent for average fruit weight, -56.40 to 57.00 per cent for fruit yield per vine and -24.83 to 176.96 per cent for fruit yield per plot. The cross NBBL-12 X PS exhibited maximum heterosis over the commercial check (Warad) for yield per hectare (174.97%) followed by IC421962 X PSPL (161.84%) and IC308564 A X PSPL (158.89%).
The crosses NBBL-12 X PS, IC421962 X PSPL and IC308564 A X PSPL were identified as the good specific combiners for fruit yield per hectare in order of merit. Among parents, IC421962, IC342078 and NBBL-12 exhibited significant general combining effects for yield per hectare and also good general combiners for overall traits studied. Hence these parents can be used as lines in future breeding programme. Low GCA to SCA ratio (non additive gene action) was observed for traits like per cent fruit set, days to last harvest, nodes upto first male and female flowering, vine length at 45 and 75 DAS, number of branches at 45 and 75 DAS, days to first harvest, sex ratio, fruit yield per plot, fruit yield per hectare, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit firmness at fruit maturity, number of fruits per vine, days to first male and female flowering and based on the GCA to SCA ratio which was very low. Therefore, for improving these characters, it is suggested to follow recurrent selection or heterosis breeding. Whereas GCA to SCA ratio was high for average fruit weight which indicates additive gene action. For improving this character, it is suggested to go for direct selection breeding method.
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TH506
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