STUDIES ON NUTRITIONAL EVALUATION OF SEEDS OF NEWLY DEVELOPED COTTON (Gossypium hirsutum L.) CULTIVARS
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Date
2000
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Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri.
Abstract
The present investigations were undertaken to evaluate the
nutritional quality of promising cottonseed cultivars in relation to : seed
index, hull to kernel ratio, moisture, oil and oil quality, protein content,
soluble protein, free amino acids, limiting amino acids, ash and important
minerals. The seeds of eighteen cotton cultivars(Gossypium hirsutum L.)
newly developed and identified are most promising were obtained from
the Cotton Breeder, Cotton Improvement Project, Mahatma Phule Krishi
Vidyapeeth, Rahuri and evaluated for various quality parameters using
standard analytical procedures.
The seed index (g per 100 seeds) ranged from 5.60 to 8.82 g,
the hull to kernel ratio varied from 0.65 to 1.64 and moisture content from
7.4 to 16.10 per cent in the kernels.
The crude oil content ranged from 30.20 to 37.70 per cent in
different cultivars, the English red colour were found in most of the
cultivars followed by carrot red and brownish orange colour. The iodine value of extracted oil varied from 95 to 106 and the acid value ranged from
0.36 to 0.69 mg KOH/g oil.
The defatted meal of different cultivars were found to contain
22.30 to 47.6 per cent crude protein, 2.69 to 13.80 per cent soluble protein
and 0.05 to 0.88 mg/100 g free amino acids. The content of limiting amino
acids such as methionine and tryptophan varied from 1.12 to 2.73 g/16 g
N (0.41 to 0.91 g/100 g meal) and 0.97 to 2.06 g/16 g N, (0.41 to 0.65 g/100
g meal), respectively. The protein content in seeds was found to be
negatively correlated with the content of oil.
The ash content of defatted kernel meals exhibited a wide
variation of 6.6 to 9.8 per cent. The phosphorus content ranged from 1.32 to
2.03 per cent, potassium from 1.61 to 2.33 per cent, calcium from 109 to
215 mg/100 g, magnesium from 80 to 177 mg/100 g and iron from 16 to 42
mg/100 g. The manganese, zinc and copper content of defatted kernel
meal of cotton cultivars varied from 1.8 to 3.2 mg/100 g, 1.2 to 2.3 mg/100
g and 4.6 to 17 mg/100 g, respectively.
Among eighteen cotton cultivars studied ERB, LRA-5166, BN,
GB-20, RHC-0191 were higher in oil content, while DS-28, RHC-9740, LRA
5166, RHC-1189, G.Cot. 100 and SRT-1 were higher in protein content.
Phosphorus content was higher in GB-20, RHC-0688, G.Cot.100, DS-28 and
ERB. Potassium was higher in the cultivars GB-20, JLH-168, BN, RHC-3194
and LRA-5166. Calcium content was higher in the cultivars RHC-994, GB
20, RHC-0191, RHC-1088 and RHC-1794, while iron content was higher in
the cultivars ERB, G.Cot. 100, SRT-1, RHC-0688, LRA-5166 and RHC-3194.
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