LABORATORY AND IN VITRO STUDIES ON SCREENING FOR SALT (NaCl) TOLERANCE IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.) GENOTYPES
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Date
2001
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Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University
Abstract
Astudywasconductedwith fifteengenotypesofriceofdivergent geneticstructurewiththeprimaryobjectiveofscreeningthericegenotypesfor tolerancetoNaClinducedsaltstress. Variabilitywasobservedinricegenotypesformorphologicalcharacters suchasgerminationpercentage,numberofdaysforgermination,root,shoot andtotallengthoftheseedlings,leafarea,freshweightanddryweightofthe seedlings,root/shootratiosaswellasprolineaccumulationinroot,shootand leaftissuesof15daysoldseedlings. Genotypes,CSR-l3,Panvel—l andCST—7—1 germinatedearlierand exhibitedhighergerminationpercentage,root,shootandtotallength,fresh weight,dryweightandseedlingvigourindexoftheseedlings.Asthesalt (NaCl)concentration/EClevelincreasedtheeffectonthesemorphological characterswaslesspronouncedonCSR~13,Panvel-1andCST-7-l.Asthesalt (NaCl)concentration/EClevelincreasedthemagnitudeofthesemorphological characterswasfoundtodecreaseinothergenotypes.Shootlengthwasfound tobemoreinfluencedbysalinity.
Prolineaccumulationwasfoundtobemaximuminleaftissuefollowed bycoleoptileandroottissues.Therewasasignificantincreaseinproline accumulationinallthethreetissuesasthesalt(NaCl)concentration/EClevel increasedanditwasfoundtobemaximuminT5(15.625ds/m).CSR-l3 recordedmaximumprolineinallthethreetissuesstudied. Studiesoncallusinitiationandgrowthwasrestrictedtoselectedfour genotypesnamely,CSR-l3,CSR—26,TrigunaandJaya.Callusinitiationwas earliestandrelativecallusgrowthwasmaximuminCSR—13followedbyCSR26andTriguna.Jayarecordedminimumrelativecallusgrowth. Positive and significant correlation was observed for mostofthe seedlingcharactersstudied.Seedlingvigourindexwasfoundtobestrongly influencedbytotalseedlinglength,totalfreshweightandtotaldryweightof theseedlings. Heritabilityformostofthecharacterswasfoundtobeveryhigh.It indicatesthateffectiveselectioncanbedoneforthedesirablecharacters.The saltconcentration0.5%whichgaveanelectricalconductivityof7.81ds/m brought out conspicuous and significant differences among the tested genotypes(forseedlingcharacters).Thiscouldberecommendedforlarge scalescreeningof"ricegermplasmforNaClinducedsaltstress. ' Significantdifferencesincallusgrowthwerebroughtaboutatsalt (NaCl)concentration/EClevelof11.71ds/m(T4)usingmatureembryos. ‘ Therefore,thisexplantandtreatmentcanbeusedforlargescaleandquick screeningofricegenotypes. Basedongerminationpercentandtotalseedlinglengthorseedling vigourindexof15daysoldseedlings,thefifteenricegenotypesunderpresent studywerecategorizedasrelativelytolerant(CSR-l3,Panvel—1,CST—7—land Tulasi), moderately tolerant (CSR—Zl, CSR—26, CSR-29 and CSR-24) moderatelysensitive(Tellahamsa,Triguna,IR-64andSuraksha)andsensitive tosalinity(Jaya,AdityaandVikas). ii
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D6288