Evaluation of water delivery system in relation to crop water requirement in canal commands of Jayakwadi project
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Date
2010-09-09
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Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani
Abstract
Efficient operation and management of an irrigation system plays an important
role in the sustainability of irrigated agriculture, for this reason irrigation project
performance studies are being conducted. Performance evaluations are being carried
out to improve system operation, to assess the general health of the system, to
compare the performance of a system with other system or with the same system over
time.
The present study was conducted for assessing the operation and management
of irrigation system in some canal command area of Jayakwadi Project. The study
was aimed at examining water delivery performance of the Branch No. 69 of the Left
Main Bank Canal of Jayakwadi Irrigation Project having an irrigable command area
of 5193 ha in Parbhani District. Distributory wise performance was evaluated using
adequacy, equity, dependability and efficiency indicators of nine distributaries for
seven years (1997-98, 1998-99, 1999-00, 2000-01,2001 -2002,2004-2005,2005-2006)
irrigation period in rabi and summer season.
Average weather data of 37 years (1971-2007) and DSS ET computer model
based on FAO Penman Monteith(FAO-56) method were used to estimate the
reference evapotranspiration. Crop coefficient curves were developed by using
standard procedure suggested by Allen et al. (1998) for crops cultivated in the
command area of B-69. Estimated reference evapotranspiration, crop coefficient and
effect rainfall data was used to calculate the crop water requirement of crops grown
in the command area. The estimated crop water requirements of the crops grown in
the command area and measured water deliveries from all nine distributaries were
used for calculating the performance indicators.
A computer based SPI canal software developed and it was used to estimate
the performance indicators. The analysis is made to evaluate the performance
difference during the irrigation season, performance differences between the
distributaries (from the upper to lower distributory of the system) and performance
difference between the indicators over the whole study area.
The results showed that percent area irrigated in the command area of B-69
was in the range of 9.9 to 54.4 percent against potential irrigated area of canal
system. The irrigation months January and March have the adequate water supply
during the irrigation years, whereas March, April and May have better water
utilization. Among the various irrigation years, 2000-01 have adequate and efficient
water utilization. The distributaries B-69-C and B-69-E of canal system have better
efficiency in all nine distributaries. Throughout the canal system and during all the
years there was no dependable water release at the right time and at right place. The
overall performance of the B-69 canal system is poor and there is a need to improve
the performance with some modifications in the operation and management of canal
system.
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