Studies on Seed-Mycoflora of Sunflower (HelianthusannusL.)
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Date
1996
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Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University
Abstract
unflowerseedsareknownforitsoilquality.MycofloraassociatedwithtenvarietiesofsunflowerseedsincludesAlternariasp.,Aspergillus
flavus,Aspergillusglaucus, Aspergillus niger, Chaetomium sp., Curvularzalunata,Fusariumsp.,Moniliasp.,Penicilliumsp.,Rhizopusstolonifer andRhizoctoniasp.Bothagarplateandblottermethodswereemployedforthe isolationofmycoflora.Agarplatemethodwasfoundbetterinyieldingmax1mum number of colonies of fungi than blotter method. In both the methods unsterilisedseedyieldedmorenumberofcoloniesthansterilisedseed.Among thetenfungiinoculatedtostudytheeffectongerminationinvivo,Fusarzum sp.,followedbyRhizoctoniasp.,andCurvularialunatahaveshowngreater effect in reducing the germination percentage, shoot and root length considerably. Amongfourfungicidestestedbypoisonedfoodtechnique,Celestat500 and1000ppmconcentrationwaseffectiveagainstCurvuiarialunatct whlle Captan at500 ppm, Bavistin and Dithane XVI—45at 1000 ppm were effective
againstRhizoctoniasp.Captaninhibitedthe owthof theconcentrations. gr Fuhsarium513-atall Out.of four homoeopathic drugs, Azadiracta inhibited the growth of CurpularlalunataandRhuoctoniasp.tothemaximumextent.Incontrary ThuJaandNatrummurwmeffectiveonFusariumsp. , Among ten isolates of Aspergillus flavus screened for aflatoxin production,isolate-lproducedlargeamountscomparedtoothers buttherewas no aflatoxin productionwhen isolates-II, VII and IX were used. There was maximumreductioninshootandrootlengthsintheprominentvarietiestested whensoakedinculture filtrateofisolate-Iwhichcontainedaflatoxin.
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D5341