Study of hybrid vigour and combining ability for yield and yield components in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.)
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Date
2012-05-07
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Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani
Abstract
Kharif 2011 at Experimental farm, Department of Agricultural
Botany, College of Agriculture, Latur. Data were recorded on 11
character viz.. Days to 50 per cent flowering, days to maturity, plant
height (cm), total number of tillers per plant, number of effective
tillers per plant, lOOOgrain weight (g), number of grains per cm2, ear
head girth (cm), ear head length (cm), grain yield per plant (g) and
fodder yield per plant (g).
Analysis of variance for means revealed significant
differences for all the eleven characters studied. Parents vs. hybrids
interaction mean square were significant for seven the characters,
indicating the existence of sufficient the variability in parents and
hybrids.
The magnitude of heterosis and heterobeltosis for all the
characters in the present study was highly appreciable. Among all the
characters, the magnitude of heterosis was highest for 1000 grain wt.
measuring to the extent of 53.04% over better parent in the cross MS
841 A x 1358 R it was followed by total number of tillers per plant
(51.85%) in the cross MS-841 A x UCC-23 R.
Among females MS 88004 A was found to be the best
general combiner for fodder yield and had significant GCA effects for
9 characters days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height,
total number of tillers per plant and number of effective tillers per
plant, 1000 grains wt., ear head girth, earhead length, and number of
grains per cm2. The females MS 863 A and MS-841 A were the best
general combiner for six characters including grain yield per plant.
Among males 418 R was found to be best general
combiner for grain yield per plant and also had significant GCA
effects for 8 characters viz. days to 50% flowering, days to maturity,
plant height, total number of tillers per plant and number of effective
tillers per plant, Earhead girth, Earhead length and fodder yield. Other
male parents viz. 1358 R and 1404 R were found to be best general
combiner for six and five characters including grain yield,
respectively. A close agreement between GCA and per se performance
of parent was observed for most of the characters studied.
There was close agreement between per se performance
and GCA as well as SCA effects for most of the characters.
Observations on various characters indicated that the crosses showing
high heterosis and high SCA effects had high per se performance and
they involved at least one high combining parent.
The combinations, MS-863 A x 260 R, MS-88004 A x 418 R, MS-841
A x UCC-23 R, MS-94555 A x 268 R, MS-98222 A x 1358 R and
MS-841 A x 1404 R produced significant and desirable SCA effects
for most of the traits studied, indicating potential for exploiting hybrid
vigor in breeding programme.
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