MORPHOLOGICAL, BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF CARROT (Daucus carota L.) GENOTYPES UNDER TROPICAL REGION

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Date
2016-06
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University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot
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In the present investigation, forty eight carrot genotypes representing temperate and tropical types were extensively characterized with 35 morphological (qualitative and quantitative) and 4 biochemical characters in two seasons at Haveli farm (S-I) and main campus of UHS Bagalkot during 2015-16 using RCBD with 2 replications. These genotypes were also characterized using 24 microsatellite markers. Wider range, higher PCV, GCV and heritability and GAM was observed for all the biochemical and almost all the quantitative traits studied in both the seasons indicating the existence of sufficient amount of variation among the genotypes studied. Among the morphological traits, high heritability was recorded for shoulder width, root to shoot ratio, harvest index, internal root colour etc. For many of the qualitative traits, skewed distribution was observed especially for root shape, internal colour of roots etc, but for most of the quantitative traits the distribution was normal indicating their polygenic inheritance. PC analysis involving 21 traits partitioned the variation into 6 principle components with approximately 83.0% of variation in both seasons. Correlation and path analysis revealed significant contribution of root width, shoulder width, xylem width, shoot length etc on root yield in both the seasons. D2 analysis partitioned the 48 genotypes in to 3 and 4 clusters in S-I and S-II respectively from 21 traits contributed more to the diversity indicating the scope for improvement of nutritional quality from the present genotypes. The genotypes were further partitioned in to 2 main clusters with 25 sub clusters based on the 24 microsatellite markers. The number of alleles per locus ranged from two to six with the highest PIC value of 0.50. Based on the marker-trait association, few markers such as GSSR16, GSSR63 showed significant R2 value for root yield, five roots weight etc. Superior carrot genotypes such as UHSBC-32, UHSBC-44, UHSBC-52 for S-I and UHSBC-66, UHSBC-17 and UHSBC-22 for S-II were performed well in the tropical region. They were superior for root yield, harvest index, root width and biochemical traits. The identified superior genotypes from the present study would be useful for future carrot breeding program.
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