FIELD EVALUATION AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF CHILLI (Capsicum annuum L.) GENOTYPES
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Date
2014-07
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University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot
Abstract
The present investigation was undertaken during Kharif 2013-14 at College of
Horticulture, University of Horticultural Sciences, Udyanagiri, Bagalkot with two
experiments. The experiment-I consisted field evaluation of chilli genotypes for genetic
diversity and association of yield with other yield component parameters. The analysis of
variance indicated significant differences among the genotypes for all the characters
studied.
Growth, earliness, yield and fruit and seed quality traits, exhibited moderate to
high GCV and PCV for all the 24 characters. High heritability coupled with high GAM
was recorded for most of growth, earliness, yield, fruit and seed quality characters except
germination percentage and seedling length. Thus, there is an ample scope for improving
these characters based on direct selection from the genetic stock studied.
The genotypic correlation studies on yield and its component traits revealed that
total yield had significant and positive correlation with percentage fruit set followed by
number of fruits per plant, number of secondary branches, plant height, fruit weight, total
fruit chlorophyll content, pericarp weight and number of primary branches. The genotypic
path analysis revealed that only number of fruit per plant and pericarp weight had strong
positive and direct effect on yield indicating their true positive and significant association
with yield.
In experiment-II, molecular characterization of chilli genotypes was carried out
using 34 RAPD markers with 17 genotypes of chilli. There was a lot of variation in the
percentage of polymorphic bands produced by the primers which ranged from 0.0 % to
100 %. The polymorphic information content (0.88 and 0.87) and marker index (8.00 and
1.46, respectively) were high for primer RAPD 5 followed by RAPD 7. Dendrogram
revealed two major clusters. Based on the dendrogram analysis genotype G2 (DCA-192)
and G5 (Assam chilli) were distantly related with genotypes G1 (DCA-136) and hence
these genotypes could be used for hybridization programme to improve the crop.
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