Study of Role Expectation and Role Performance of lady Supervisors under ICDS
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Date
2016
Authors
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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa (Samastipur)
Abstract
India is now taking much interest in the welfare of children. Starting from the First Five Year Plan, several programmes were launched by the Government for the welfare of the children particularly in the field of health, nutrition and education, but in spite of all these programmes children of the country still face a number of problems. It is needless to say that child mortality rate is still quite large, during the 1st year of their life. This child mortality is still more than 10 per cent.
Looking to this essential demand, the scheme “Integrated, Child Development Services” (ICDS) was launched on 2nd October, 1975. It is Central Government sponsored programme, which of services comprising of supplementary nutrition, immunization, health checkups, treatment of minor ailments, referral services, pre-school education, non-formal education, health education and convergence of other supportive services such as safe drinking water, sanitation etc. The ICDS is mainly a preventive and development programme to improve including the health and nutritional status of children below 6 years of age their mother.
In Samastipur district, so far no study has been conducted on the lady supervisors engaged in Integrated Child Development Service and an assessment of their role expectation and role performance. For this reason, Samastipur district has been selected as locale of the research. Also the researcher is native of this district and the knowledge of local language and other factors helped the researcher in obtaining the data more accurately. Keeping in view the above facts, the present study is undertaken with the following specific objectives:
Objectives
1. To study the socio-economic profile of supervisors engaged under the ICDS.
2. To identify the role expectation to be performed by supervisors.
3. To assess the role performance of ICDS supervisors.
4. To find out the relationship of socio-economic variables with the role expectation and role performance of supervisors engaged under the ICDS.
5. To elucidate the constraints faced by lady supervisors and suggest strategies for effective implementation of the ICDS.
Methodology
The present research in all the blocks of Samastipur district of north Bihar region for assessment of role expectation and role performance of lady supervisor under the ICDS. There are 116 lady supervisors engaged in ICDS scheme in this district. Out of which 50 per cent i.e. 58 lady supervisors constituted the sample size of the study using the Random Sampling Technique.
Major findings
The study reveals that majority of the lady supervisors were belonged to young age group, backward classes (BC+EBC) posses post graduate level of education, nuclear and small size of family, low level of family income, less than 5 years of length of service, medium level of job involvement and medium of knowledge.
The findings shows that majority of the respondents (68.97%) had perceived their role expectation high level under the ICDS. Further, study shows that majority (62.07%) of the lady supervisors perform their role was also a high level.
The correlation coefficients of socio-economic variables of the respondents with their role expectation indicated that the variables age, education, job involvement and knowledge level was positively and significantly associated with the role expectation. The multiple regression analysis indicated that in case of role expectation knowledge level of the supervisors had a maximum contribution and thus it ranked first. R2-value (0.827) altogether explained 82 per cent of variability towards the dependent variable.
The variables education, type of family, job involvement and knowledge level of the respondents have positively and significantly correlated with their role performance. further, multiple regression analysis indicated that in case of role performance the variable education, knowledge level, job involvement contributed significantly towards the dependent variable. However, R2-value (0.663) altogether explained 66 per cent of variability towards the dependent variable.
The maximum gap in the role expectation and role performance by lady supervisors was observed in the area of reporting, liaison & linkage and evaluation.
The major social, psychological, institutional and infrastructural constraints faced by lady supervisors were lack of training facilities for AWWs, lack of complete knowledge of ICDS, lack of adequate facilities regarding work & work site information and lack of proper location of anganwadi buildings, respectively.
Conclusion
For effective implementation of ICDS programme the frequency of visit by supervisor should be increased. Support from health- Inter-sectoral coordination department is needed in conducting health education program, health check-ups, immunization camps and house visit. In area of AWCs there is need of infrastructure facility building ownership, roof material and floor material, number of rooms, kitchen facility, safe water supply, toilet facility and availability of electricity for effective implementation of ICDS. For frequent monitoring and supervising of the AWCs under the ICDS scheme the lady supervisors may be equipped with two wheeler vehicle. The major constraint is required to overcome for effective performing the role of lady supervisors.
Besides this there is need of proper training facilities for AWWs about complete knowledge of ICDS, adequate facility regarding work & worksite, proper location of AWCs building etc. is required for effective role performance by lady supervisors under the ICDS.
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