HETEROSIS AND COMBINING ABILITY FOR YIELD ATTRIBUTING TRAITS IN BOTTLE GOURD [Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl.]
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Date
2017-12
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Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidhyalaya, Raipur
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Heterosis and combining ability for yield attributing traits in bottle gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl.]” was conducted during Kharif 2015-16, summer 2016 and kharif 2016-17 at Horticulture Research Farm, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (C.G.) to study genetic variability, association and divergence in bottle gourd germplasm, to determine general combining ability and specific combining ability of parents and crosses and finally to ascertain the magnitude of heterosis.
The experiment was comprised of seventy three genotypes of bottle gourd including four improved variety and laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications to estimate variability, association and genetic divergence during kharif 2015-16. The analysis of variance revealed that the high genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation was recorded for node no. at which first male flower appears, node no. at which first female flower appears, days to first male flower appearance, no. of branches per plant, average fruit weight and no. of fruits per plant. Correlation and path analysis revealed that no. of fruits per plant influenced the fruit yield (q/ha) with high direct effect and significant positive correlation therefore, it is an important character which may be included in selection criterion for improvement in fruit yield.
The divergence analysis revealed the presence of appreciable amount of genetic diversity in the tested genotypes and it’s also revealed that the geographic distribution had no relation to genetic diversity. Seventy three genotypes were grouped into six clusters. The intra and inter cluster distance were computed for all the clusters. Maximum inter cluster distance was observed between cluster I and VI followed by cluster I and IV. Node number at which first female flower appears contributed maximum towards diversity followed by node number at which first male flower appears, days to 50% flowering, number of branches per plant. Hence, selection for divergent parent based on these traits were be used for selection of five lines (IBG-Local, IBG-57, IBG-60, IBG-66, IBG-69) and four testers (Pusa Naveen, Pusa Samridhi, Arka Bahar and NBBL-12) for combination breeding exploiting L x T analysis in bottle gourd.
Combining ability revealed that predominance of non-additive gene actions for most of characters except node no. at which first male flower appears, node no. at which first female flower appears, days to first fruit harvest, average fruit weight and duration of crop. Line IBG-Local was found good general combiner for fruit girth, average fruit weight, no. of branches per plant, yield q per ha while IBG-60 and IBG-66 were found good general combiner for earliness whereas, Pusa Naveen and Arka Bahar will be used as broad base tester for fruit yield and its component in bottle gourd improvement programme. Thus these parents could be utilized extensively in hybridization followed by selection to accelerate the pace of genetic improvement of bottle gourd for fruit yield and its component traits.
The estimates of relative heterosis, heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis were also obtained for fruit yield and its components. A high degree of heterosis was observed for most of the characters under investigation. The highest standard heterosis shown by the cross IBG-Local x Pusa Naveen, IBG-69 x NBBL-12 for yield and IBG-66 x Pusa Naveen, IBG-66 x Pusa Samridhi for earliness, however, a high degree of heterosis for other traits desired direction was also observed.
Looking to the study of germplasm diversity, combining ability and heterosis for yield and its component in bottle gourd was framework for improvement and for getting promising high yielding genotypes of bottle gourd with desirable traits under Chhattisgarh plains
Description
HETEROSIS AND COMBINING ABILITY FOR YIELD ATTRIBUTING TRAITS IN BOTTLE GOURD [Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl.]
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