EFFECT OF NITROGEN SOURCES AND LEVELS ON AMMONIA VOLATILIZATION AND AMMONIUM FIXATION IN SWELL-SHRINK SOILS OF MAHARASHTRA

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Date
1996
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Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri.
Abstract
The effect of urea (U), ammonium nitrate (AN), ammonium sulphate (AS) and dianwonium phosphate (DAP) and) 100, 200 and at 400 mg N kg-1 levels on ammonia volatilisation and ammoniutt fixation was studied la ten widespread and benchmark swell shrink soils of Maharashtra under laboratory conditions. The physical and chemical properties of these soils were studied and correlated with ammonia volatilization and ammonium The soils were alkaline and calcareous, low in organic matter and soluble salts (except Rastapur and Miraj}* high in CEC and clay and highly base saturated. Saturation paste extract of Rastapur, Miraj* Dholwad soil series showed saline sodic features with higher values of pHe, ECe with dominance of Na+, Mg2+ and HCO* ions as comparad with other swell. sbrink soils of Maharashtras The Kiranapur and Aroli soil series showed the lower ammonia volatilisation losses from different sources of nitrogen. The Rastapur, Miraj and Dholwad soil series with saline sodic features resulted in higher cumulative ammonia loss. The surface application of ammonimnitrate and urea showed lower ammonia volatilization, whereas it was higher with diammonium phosphate and ammonium sulphate application* With increasing levels of nitrogen application, there was increase in ammonia (12.7 to 13*3 tag kg**) volatilization loss, the BAP* AS and AN showed maximum loss of ammonia, but urea showed delayed ammonia loss and the peak, was noticed fch .1 on 4 day at 100 to 200 mg leg * level of nitrogen and on 6 day at 400 ag kg*1 level of nitrogen* Ammonium fixation showed wide variation (37.1 to 60.6 ag kg*2) in swell-shrink soils of Maharashtra* Higher —.niu- «*.««, «. *.«,«, x» KiTB^ur (W.. -g *,"*> and Aroli (55.9 mg kg**1) soil series* The Rastepur and Mir0J soil series having saline sodic features fixed less ammonium ions* Among the fertilizer sources, the urea audi ammonium nitrate showed the higher ammonium fixation and increased it with increase in levels of nitrogen applied* The soil pH, EC* free CaC03# exchangeable N«+, organic carbon and total H contents of soil and pHe, ECe, Na+ and HCO* of saturation paste extract of soil showed significant positive correlation with ammonia volatilization* However* these characters were negatively correlated with ammonium fixation, She presence of C*2** Mg2* end Ci* in saturation paste extract showed negative correlation with ammonium fixation, is general, the awaoniura fixation capacity was negatively correlated with aawonia volatilization of applied H in swell-shrink soils of Maharashtra.
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