STUDIES ON HETEROSIS, COMBINING ABILITY AND STABILTY IN TOMATO (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
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Date
2016-04
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VEGETABLE SCIENCE DEPT., ASPEE COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY, NAVSARI AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, NAVSARI
Abstract
In the present investigation, information on magnitude of heterosis, combining ability and stability parameters were obtained for fruit yield and its related components in tomato adopting line x tester analysis involving eight females and four males. Their resultant 32 hybrids along with 12 parents and one commercial check ‘Abhinav’ were tested at three research stations of the university (Navsari, Surat and Hansot) during late Kharif- 2014- 15 in a randomized block design with three replications. The analysis of variance for all the traits revealed presence of considerable genetic variability in the material studied. Appreciable influence of environments was also noticed. Males contributed maximum to the parental variation as compared to females for majority of the traits. The interactions of hybrids x environments were significant for all the traits except quality traits revealing that the hybrids were sensitive to environments for most of the traits. Significant to highly significant and positive standard heterosis for fruit yield and its component characters in the crosses involving elite lines as the parents suggested that there is a good scope of exploiting heterosis commercially and also possibility of isolating desirable segregants. The cross combinations, viz., AVTO-5 x GT-2 (19.69 per cent), AVTO-7 x GT-2 (13.53 per cent), AVTO-5 x JT-3 (13.04 per cent), JTL-12-12 x GT-2 (12.76 per cent) and JTL-12-12 x JT-3 (11.63 per cent) showed highly significant standard heterosis in positive direction for fruit yield and its one or more important component traits.
Combining ability analysis revealed that both additive and non additive gene actions were important for fruit yield and its related traits. However, magnitude of additive gene action was comparatively larger than that of non-additive gene action for fruit yield and its component traits. The estimates of gca effects indicated that the parents viz., AVTO-7, AVTO-5, JTL-12-12, GT-2 and JT-3 were good general combiners for fruit yield and its contributing characters. The cross AVTO-5 x GT-2 having the maximum sca effect, per se performance, and standard heterosis for fruit yield and its component traits. Analysis of variance for stability revealed that the differences among genotypes and environments were highly significant for all the characters when tested against pooled error and pooled deviation. The differences due to genotypes x environments were significant when tested against pooled deviation for all the characters (except days to 50 per cent flowering, titrable acidity, total sugar and non reducing sugar) indicated that genotypes were not responded consistently over the environments. The analysis further revealed that component of G x E (linear) had important contribution for all the characters (except days to 50 per cent flowering and titrable acidity) indicating significant differences among the genotypes for their regression on environmental indices. In present experiment, the parent AVTO-4 and cross, AVTO-6 x GT-2 exhibited high mean along with bi value approaching unity together with low S2di value for fruit yield.
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