ANALYSIS OF POMEGRANATE PEEL EXTRACT (PPE) FOR ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES

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Date
2014
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MPKV, UNIVERSITY LIBRARY RAHURI
Abstract
Pomegranate peels are usually discarded as waste even though a significant portion of polyphenols are often present in high concentration in the peel of the fruits. The objective of the present investigation was to establish suitable solvent(s) for extraction of phytochemicals present in the fresh and dried pomegranate peel and to assess their potential radical scavenging activity as well as their inhibitory potential against some plant pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Three solvents methanol:water (80:20), acetone:water (80:20) and ethyl acetate were used for extracting the phytochemicals. The methanol:water (80:20) extract recorded maximum content of phenols and ethyl acetate was least effective. Out of the four varieties, the fresh peel extract of Ganesh variety recorded maximum phenol content of 66.23 mg/g when extracted with methanol and the least phenol content of 9.04 mg/g was recorded in Mridula with a ethyl acetate. The superiority of the solvent was in the order methanol>acetone>ethyl acetate. The methanol:water (80:20) was also found to be effective for extracting proanthocyanidins and maximum proanthocyanidins 4.14mg/g and 12.88mg/g were extracted from fresh and dry peel respectively of pomegranate Mridula variety. Both methanol and acetone were found to be equally effective for extracting proanthocyanidins. The content of flavonoids were also maximum in the peel extract of Ganesh when extracted with methanol, which was maximum in Ganesh 5.32mg/g where as it was minimum 2.44mg/g in Jodhpuri Red. The antioxidant activity of the dry peel extract when analysed by DPPH and FRAP assay, it revealed that the antioxidant activity of the acetone:water (80:20) extract was higher than the synthetic antioxidant BHT and it was also observed that the antioxidant activity increased in a dose dependent manner. The maximum FRAP value of 46.15 µM/g was recorded in Ganesh and least in Jodhpuri Red. The methanolic extract recorded more FRAP value, when expressed as equivalent to that of 1mM FeSO4+. The antibacterial activity of the extracts were tested by disc diffusion method and it was observed that methanolic extract of fresh peel showed highest zone of inhibition when tested against Xanthomonas spp. It was also observed that only methanolic extract showed antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum. When the antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavous was tested by methanolic extract of Ganesh at different concentration it was observed that inhibition of growth increased in a dose dependent manner. The methanol:water (80:20) was found to be the best solvent mixture for extracting the phytochemicals from pomegranate peel and the peel extract of Ganesh variety of pomegranate recorded maximum content of phenols, proanthocyanidins, flavonoids and also had more antioxidant potential.
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