Studies on Floral biology, Pollination and Fruit set in Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) under hilly conditions of Uttarakhand
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Date
2016-07
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College of Horticulture, Bharsar Campus, V.C.S.G. Uttarakhand University of Horticulture and Forestry
Abstract
The present investigations entitled “Studies on Floral biology, Pollination and Fruit set in
Kiwi fruit (Actinidia deliciosa Chev.) under hilly conditions of Uttarakhand” was carried out at
the fruit orchard of College of Horticulture, V. C. S. G. Uttarakhand University of Horticulture
and Forestry, Bharsar, from March to May 2016. The different parameters for floral biology,
pollination and fruit set was recorded on the basis of time period.
The result showed that total span of flower bud development from bud emergence to the
anthesis has been described into eight different stages the time required for flower bud
development to reach the anthesis was 32 days in both male and hermaphrodite plants . The
period of anthesis varied from 6 am to 2 pm with the peak anthesis percentage of 65.46% in male
flowers where as in female flowers it was 67.13% which occured between 6 am to 10am. The
major dehiscence period of the day was recorded 15 minutes after the anthesis (68.42% and
76.06% in both male and hermaphrodite flowers respecyively). Amongst different media tested,
the size (length × width) of pollen grains was maximum 186.28 x 75.29 µ and 119.47 x 57.83 µ
under dry conditions in both male and hermaphrodite flower pollen. The highest pollen
germination percentage 91.60% and maximum pollen tube length 2489.10µ in male flower
pollen and 25.20% and 550.02 µ in hermaphrodite flower recorded with T9 (15% sucrose
solution + 0.5 % boric acid solution). Best receptivity of stigma (88.80%) has been witnessed on
the day of anthesis by the fruit set method. The maximum fruit set (90.80%) has been recorded
under cross pollination, followed by natural pollination (35.86%).
The investigation is concluded that the best time and duration of kiwifruit for production and
breeding programme is second week of April to last week of April under hilly condition of
Uttarakhand.
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