STUDIES ON IDENTIFICATION OF MORPHOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL TRAITS IN RELATION TO YIELD AND QUALITY OF SEED GUAR (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.) CULTIVARS UNDER RAINFED CONDITION
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Date
2016-01-26
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COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE, MOJERLA, MAHABUBNAGAR Dr. Y.S.R. HORTICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
Abstract
A set of fifteen cultivars of seed guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.)
Taub.) was evaluated in a Completely Randomized Block Design with three
replications at student research farm, College of Horticulture, Mojerla,
Dr.YSRHU during kharif, 2014 with an objective to study the mean
performance, genetic variability, association among traits, direct and indirect
effects of yield components on yield and quality traits.
On the basis of mean performance of the cultivars for all the traits studied,
RGC 963, RGC 986, RGC 1033, HG 2-20 were found to be superior in terms of
yield and quality characters. With respect to physiological traits contributing for
drought tolerance, RGC 1066 recorded low chlorophyll stability index, HG 365
recorded high relative water content, RGC 1002 recorded high peroxidase
enzyme activity and JJ-1 recorded high catalase enzyme activity, hence these
cultivars may be grouped as drought tolerant based on the above traits and may
be used for crop improvement programme for drought tolerance.
The Analysis of Variance revealed significant differences among the
genotypes for all the traits studied suggesting existence of considerable amount
of variability among the cultivars. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV)
was slightly higher in magnitude than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV)
for all the traits indicating that, all traits had influence of environment to some
degree. High PCV and GCV were recorded for morphological traits such as
number of primary branches per plant, number of clusters per plant, number of
pods per plant, pod yield per plant, pod yield per hectare, seed yield per plant,
seed yield per hectare and for physiological traits such as chlorophyll stability
index, peroxidase enzyme activity, catalase enzyme activity indicating the
existence of wider genetic variability.
High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean
indicated operation of additive gene action for morphological traits such as plant
height, number of primary branches per plant, number of leaves per plant,
number of clusters per plant, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod,
pod yield per plant, pod yield per hectare, seed yield per plant, seed yield per
hectare and similar results were observed for physiological traits such as
chlorophyll stability index, peroxidase enzyme activity, catalase enzyme activity,
SPAD meter reading. Hence, directional selection for these traits could be
effective for desired genetic improvement.
The high heritability accompanied with low genetic advance (GA) as
percent of mean was recorded by pod girth, seed to pod ratio, crude gum content,
which indicated the presence of non additive gene action in inheritance of these
traits. The high heritability is being exhibited due to favourable influence of
environment rather than cultivar, hence, selection for these traits may not be
rewarding.
The correlation study indicated that the number of primary branches per
plant, number of clusters per plant, number of seeds per pod and pod yield per
plant had significant positive association with seed yield per plant at both
genotypic and phenotypic levels and 100-seed weight had significant positive
association with seed yield per plant at genotypic level. So improvement in seed
yield per plant is possible by taking above characters as criteria in selection
scheme.
Path coefficient analysis study revealed that pod yield per plant and pod
length at genotypic level exhibited high positive direct effect on seed yield per
plant. However, pod yield per plant recorded significant, positive correlation with
seed yield per plant. It clearly indicates that direct selection based on these traits
would be effective for an increase in seed yield per plant.
Among the quality parameters studied, the highest crude gum content
(31.71%) was recorded with RGC 1033, while the lowest gum content (29.26%)
was obtained with RGC 197. Pod colour also indicated considerable variability
ranging from light green to green colour among the 15 cultivars studied.
Description
study the mean
performance, genetic variability, association among traits, direct and indirect
effects of yield components on yield and quality traits.
Keywords
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Citation
student research farm, College of Horticulture, Mojerla,