STUDIES ON BANDED LEAF AND SHEATH BLIGHT (Rhizoctonia solani kühn) DISEASE OF MAIZE

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Date
2017
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Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidhyalaya, Raipur
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Studies on banded leaf and sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani Kühn) disease of Maize” was carried out in the Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, IGKV, Raipur (C.G.).In symptomatological studies, the initial symptoms were observed on the first and second leaf sheath above the ground and eventually spreaded on the ear causing ear rot. Infected leaves and sheaths were water soaked concentric bands and discoloured, brown in color. Whole plant was blighted within a weeks. White mycelial fungal growth was seen under surface of infected leaves and sheaths and young branches. Sclerotia were observed on severely blighted leaves, sheaths and the ears. The infected plants showed typical banded leaf and sheath blight disease symptoms were collected from the field for isolation of the pathogen in the laboratory. The pathogen was isolated on PDA from infected plant parts. The culture were purified by single hyphal tip method and were maintained on PDA at 27 ± 1o C in BOD incubator. The isolated fungi were identified on the basis of morphological characteristics. Pathogenicity was proved in maize under laboratory condition by deteched method and under field condition by attached method. In host range studies, 6 plant species were inoculated with pathogen. All the 5 host crop (bean, soyabean, wheat, chilli, brinjal) not showed host susceptibility against Rhizoctonia solani but rice crop showed host susceptibility against Rhizoctonia solani. Twenty one entries of maize were evaluated against Rhizoctonia solani under natural field conditions. All the entries showed highly resistant and resistant reactions against banded leaf and sheath blight disease. Antagonistic efficacy of Pseudomonas fluorescens were studied against isolates of Rhizoctonia solani by bacterial funnel technique, where the 78.66 % highest growth inhibition percent was found in P72 followed to 72.43% in P201 and 66.25 % in P5. The least 0.00% growth inhibition was found in P205, P126, P124, P99, P143, P151, P179, P161, P247, P248 and P216. Seven fungicides (Captan 70% + Hexaconazole 5% WP, Propiconazole 25% EC, Carbendazim 50%WP, Thifluzamide 24% SC, Hexaconazole 5% SC, Metalaxyl 72%WP, Carbendazim 75%WP + Mancozeb) were evaluated in vitro by poisoned food techniques at three concentrations i.e. 10, 20 and 30 ppm. All the fungicides significantly effective in reducing the mycelia growth at all the three concentrations. Carbendazim 50%WP, Hexaconazole 5% SC, Propiconazole 25% EC, Thifluzamide 24% SC proved to be the best fungicides giving best mycelial growth inhibition of the test fungus (100.00%) after 9 days of inoculation followed by Captan 70% + Hexaconazole 5% WP (77.78 %), Carbendazim 75%WP + Mancozeb (84.82%) and Metalaxyl 72%WP (88.15%). Five fungicides were evaluated under in vivo conditions for banded leaf and sheath blight of maize clearly revealed that commercially available fungicides like Taqat (Captan 70% + Hexaconazole 5% WP) (24.60%), Tilt (Propiconazole 25% EC) (22.11%), Bavistin (Carbendazim 50%WP) (23.33%), Pulsor
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STUDIES ON BANDED LEAF AND SHEATH BLIGHT (Rhizoctonia solani kühn) DISEASE OF MAIZE
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