Effect of Bio-fertilizer and chemical fertilizers on growth, yield and quality of Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck)
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Date
2017-08-18
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Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani
Abstract
The experimentation entitled, “Effect of Biofertilizers and chemical fertilizers on growth, yield and quality of Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck)”was carried out on field of Sweet Orange Research Station, Badnapur, At. Post- Badnapur, Dist-Jalna durind mrug bahar in 2015-16. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with seven treatments replicated thrice. The treatment comprised of Chemical fertilizer (800:400:400 g NPK) + 80 ml Azotobacter (T1), Chemical fertilizer (800:400:400 g NPK) + 80 ml PSB (T2), Chemical fertilizer (800:400:400 g NPK) + 80 ml Azotobacter + 80 ml PSB (T3), RDF (800:400:400 g NPK + 50 kg FYM) + 80 ml Azotobacter (T4), RDF (800:400:400 g NPK + 50 kg FYM) + 80 ml PSB (T5), RDF (800:400:400 g NPK + 50 kg FYM) + 80 ml Azotobacter + 80 ml PSB (T6), Control RDF (800:400:400 g NPK + 50 kg FYM) (T7). The observations on growth, yield, and quality status were recorded.
The results revealed that, there were significant variations in growth, yield and quality attributes of sweet orange due to application of different combination of biofertilizers (Azotobacter + PSB) and chemical fertilizers. The maximum values of the growth characters like tree height, stem girth, tree spread and plant volume were observed with the application of RDF (800:400:400 g NPK + 50 kg FYM) + 80 ml Azotobacter + 80 ml PSB (T6) and it was at par with T5 and T4 for most of the characters.
The flowering characteristics in terms of days required for flowering and days from fruit set to maturity of fruits were also minimum in the RDF (800:400:400 g NPK + 50 kg FYM) + 80 ml Azotobacter + 80 ml PSB (T6) treatment. The highest yield and marketable yield of fruits per plant (107.36 kg/tree and 105.46 kg/tree respectively) was recorded with the treatment of RDF (800:400:400 g NPK + 50 kg FYM) + 80 ml Azotobacter + 80 ml PSB (T6) and it was at par with T5 and T4. The numbers of fruits per plant were also maximum in the said treatment.
The maximum values of fruit quality aspects like weight of pulp, weight of peel and weight of seeds with non significant values of pulp to peel ratio and number of seeds per fruit and chemical attributes like juice per cent, TSS, ascorbic acid, reducing, non reducing sugars and total sugars was observed with the application of T6.The fruits obtained with the application of RDF (800:400:400 g NPK + 50 kg FYM) + 80 ml Azotobacter + 80 ml PSB (T6) recorded minimum physiological loss in weight and showed maximum shelf life (27.33 days).
Hence, it can be concluded that, for getting better growth, yield and quality of sweet orange fruits. The trees should be fertilized with RDF (800: 400: 400 g NPK) + FYM @ 50 kg along with the combined application of biofertilizers (Azotobacter + PSB each at 80ml/tree) per year.
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