Inheritance in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum (L.) em. Thell)

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Date
2011
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Publisher
MPUAT, Udaipur
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Inheritance in Bread Wheat [Triticum aestivum (L.) em. Thell]” was undertaken to elicit information on heterosis, nature and magnitude of gene action 14 characters in six generations of three crosses involving four parents viz., Raj 3765, PBW 343, Raj 4037, and Raj 4083. In present study experimental material comprising six generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1, BC2) of three wheat crosses was planted during rabi, 2009-2010 in randomized block design with three replications under irrigated condition at Instructional Farm of Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Udaipur, Rajasthan. Parents, F1’s and backcrosses in single row plot (2 m), and three rows plot (2 m) of F2’s were grown in each replication at row to row and plant to plant distance of 25 cm and 10 cm respectively. Non-experimental rows were planted all around the experimental plot to eliminate border effects. All the recommended cultural practices were adopted to raise the experiment. Significant variability among genotypes was found for almost all the characters except flag leaf area and harvest index. Raj 3765 and Raj 4083 were identified as the most productive on the basis of their higher mean values for grain yield and its important component traits. Raj 3765 and PBW 343 turned-out to be superior parent for heat injury and chlorophyll stability index respectively. Among hybrids Raj 3765 × PBW 343 and Raj 3765 × Raj 4083 were spotted as superior for grain yield and its components. Heterosis over mid parent ranged -7.62 (Raj 3765 x PBW 343) to 16.84 (Raj 3765 x Raj 4037 and inbreeding depression ranged –17.31 (Raj 3765 x PBW 343) to 16.37 (Raj 3765 x Raj 4037) for grain yield per plant but none of the cross was significant for grain yield. Studies based on scaling tests revealed that additive-dominance model was inadequate for all the three crosses for days to maturity, two crosses for days to heading, and one cross for grain protein content, which indicated presence of nonallelic interactions. However all the three crosses showed adequacy of additivedominance model for grain yield and its components. Additive gene effect played a major role than dominance deviation for grain yield and its components traits. Among digenic interaction dominance x dominance l and additive x additive i were more important as compared to additive x dominance j for most of characters. Duplicate type of epistasis noticed for days to maturity in two crosses and grain protein content in one cross. However, none of the character showed complementary epistasis for any cross.
Description
Inheritance in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum (L.) em. Thell)
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Citation
Lal and Maloo, 2011
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