PUBLIC HEALTH IMPLICATIONS OF AEROMONAS SPECIES ISOLATES FROM FOODS OF ANIMAL ORIGIN, WATER AND CLINICAL CASES
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Date
2010
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Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu
Abstract
Prevalence of motile aeromonads in foods of animal origin, water and human and canine clinical cases was studied. Out of 244 samples from foods of animal origin; piped municipal and hand pump water; diarrhoeic human and canine stools aeromonads were prevalent in 12.70 per cent of samples. Isolates comprised 74, 23 and 3 per cent A. hydrophila, A. caviae and A. veronii bv sobria respectively. Prevalence according to sources was 34, 17, 10, 13, 13, 10 and 3 per cent for fish, chicken, milk, kulfi, water and human and canine stool samples respectively. Based on biochemical data, existence of distinct lineages among A. hydrophila isolates in relation to their sources was recognised through cluster analysis. Characterization of virulence factors at phenotypic level revealed 64.52, 67.74 and 64.52 per cent isolates with enterotoxigenic (RLIL). haemolytic (SRBC) and cytotoxicity vero cells. PCR based molecular characterization of virulence genes detected aerolysin, enterotoxin and haemolysin genes as 41.94, 70.97 and 67.42 per cent, respectively. RAPD-PCR fingerprinting and subsequent phylogenetic analysis revealed close relationship among human isolates and hand pump water isolates. Antibiotic sensitivity testing of
isolates (11 antimicrobials) revealed significant resistance, the most effective antibiotics included Nitrofurantoin, Netlimicin sulphate, Gentamicin and Norfloxacin, least effective being Ampicillin and Methicillin. MAR indexing indicated human isolates to be most resistant group. Wide distribution of Aeromcmas spp. among sources, food and water borne nature, presence of multiple virulence factors at phenotypic and genomic level, genetic polymorphism and high level of antimicrobial resistance indicate significance and public health implications of the isolated Aeromonas spp.
Key Words: Aeromonas, foods, stools, virulence, cluster analysis, polymorphism antibiogram.
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