INFLUENCE OF INORGANICS AND ORGANICS ON SOIL CHARACTERISTICS AND CROP YIELD UNDER RAINFED MAIZE-GOBHI SARSON SEQUENCE
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Date
2009
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Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu
Abstract
Surface and sub-surface soil samples from fourty three locations from maize-gobhi sarson or related oil seed crop representing three agro-climatic zones viz., sub-tropical, intermediate and temperate zones were collected. Besides, a field experiment "Influence of inorganics and organics on soil characteristics and crop yield under rainfed maize-gobhi sarson sequence"was conducted at research farm of Dryland Research Sub-Station, Dhiansar ,SKUAST-Jammu during kharif and rabi seasons of 2006-07 and 2007-08, respectively. The higher organic carbon, available N, P, K, S, Zn and B was observed in temperate zone soils followed by the soils of intermediate zone whereas the lower amount of these available nutrients and organic carbon was noticed in sub-tropical zone under rainfed maize-gobhi sarson or related oilseed based cropping sequence. Organic carbon ,CEC, silt and clay content were found to be significantly and positive correlated with available nutrients whereas soil pH , EC and sand was found to be negatively correlated with all the available nutrients viz. N, P, K, S, Zn and B in different agro-climatic zones . The soil of the experiment field was sandy loam in texture, slightly acidic in reaction (pH-6.8), low in organic carbon (0.40 per cent), available nitrogen and medium in available phosphorus and potassium. Among the various inorganics and organics sources of nutrients during both the years of the experiment, the application of N, P, K, S, Zn and B at recommended level along with 25 per cent additional dose of N through vermicompost brought significant increase in grain and stover yield of maize over 100 per cent recommended NPK alone followed by supplementing recommended NPK with S, Zn and B alone and in combination of two nutrients viz.S+Zn, S+B and Zn +B but the values were at par with the treatments which received recommended level of all the nutrients(T<sub>8</sub>) during 2006-07 while during 2007-08, all the treatments which received integrated application of inorganics and organics in ratio of 75:25 and 50:50 (T<sub>9</sub> to T<sub>12</sub>)as well as the treatment which received 25 per cent of additional dose of N through FYM (T<sub>13</sub>) and all the recommended doses of inorganics (T<sub>8</sub>) were found statistically at par with each other.Whereas the residual effect of recommended dose of fertilizer along with 25 percent extra dose of N through vermicompost applied to preceding crop and direct application of 100 per cent recommended N, P and K to gobhi-sarson produced significantly higher seed and stover yield during both the
years. During the 2nd year of experimentation, the plots where integrated applications of inorganics and organics was applied were found to be statistically at par with each other. The organic carbon, CEC, water holding capacity of soil improved significantly under the treatments which received integrated application of inorganics and organics over T<sub>1</sub> (100 % NPK alone) as well as initial status of soil. Whereas, bulk density reduced significantly with the integrated use of inorganics and organic sources of nutrients. Similarly direct and residual effect of inorganic and organic sources of nutrients had a significant effect on available N, P, K, S, Zn and B status of soil. The data regarding macro and micro nutrients showed that maximum gain of nutrients in soil after maize gobhi-sarson sequence was found in the plots receiving recommended NPK along with sulphur, zinc, boron and vermicompost (50 per cent N replacement). Application of vermicompost and farmyard manure coupled with inorganic sources of nutrients proved beneficial in augmenting the fertility status of the soil by improving soil characteristics and crop yield under rainfed conditions.
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