Effect of phosphorus, sulphur and biofertilizers on growth and yield of clusterbean [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.]
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Date
2006
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MPUAT, Udaipur
Abstract
A field experiment entitled “Effect of phosphorus, sulphur and biofertilizers
on growth and yield of clusterbean [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.]” was
conducted during kharif 2005 at the Instructional Farm, Department of Agronomy,
Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Udaipur. The experiment consisted of 24 treatment
combinations comprising three phosphorus levels (0, 30 and 60 kg P2O5 ha-1) and two
sulphur levels (0 and 40 kg S ha-1) and four biofertilizers levels (control, Rz, PSB and
Rz + PSB). The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications,
keeping phosphorus and sulphur levels in the main-plots and biofertilizers in the subplots.
The results indicated that fertilizer application upto 30 kg P2O5 ha-1
significantly improved branches plant-1 by 27.23 per cent and plant height by 17.67
cm over control. Dry matter accumulation by plant at 30, 60 DAS and at harvest, the
crop under influence of 30 kg P2O5 ha-1 accumulated 23.15, 27.31 and 31.02 per cent
higher biomass over control. Chlorophyll content at 50 % flowering and total number
of effective nodules plant-1 showed significant response upto 30 kg P2O5 ha-1, which
were 5.79 and 20.48 per cent higher compared to control. The yield attributes, namely
pods plant-1, seed pod-1, test weight and seed yield plant-1 showed significant response
upto application of 30 kg P2O5 ha-1. Significant improvement in seed, haulm and
biological yield was recorded upto application of 30 kg P2O5 ha-1. The magnitude of
increase in aforesaid yield parameters were to extent of 38.46, 32.34 and 34.17 per
cent, respectively over control.
Application of 30 kg P2O5 ha-1 significantly enhanced P content of seed and
haulms over control by 9.09 and 8.92 per cent, respectively, but gum content of seed
was significantly higher at 60 kg P2O5 ha-1 by 5.35 and 9.54 per cent over 30 kg P2O5
ha-1 and control. Uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur by seed, haulms and
total showed significant increase upto 30 kg P2O5 ha-1 over control. Application of
fertilizer upto 30 kg P2O5 ha-1 recorded significantly higher net returns over control by
Rs. 7843 ha-1. Similarly, application of 30 kg P2O5 ha-1 fetched higher B:C (2.96)
which was found at par with 60 kg P2O5 ha-1 (2.77). and 9.05, 8.11, 16.41 cm, respectively. Combined microbial inoculation significantly
improved dry matter accumulation (beyond 30 DAS) at 60 DAS and harvest over
control, Rz and PSB inoculation by 16.4, 7.16, 5.41 and 18.61, 8.51, 7.75 per cent,
respectively. Chlorophyll content and total number of effective nodules plant-1 were
highest when seeds were inoculated with Rz + PSB, which was significantly higher
over control by 9.90 and 14.71 per cent, respectively. Amongst yield attributes, dual
inoculation recorded highest number of pod plant-1, seed pod-1 and seed yield plant-1
which were at par with single inoculation of Rz and PSB and all these recorded
significant increase over control. Dual inoculation with Rz + PSB produced highest
seed, haulm and biological yield (16.99, 39.08 and 56.07 q ha-1) which were
significantly higher over control, Rz and PSB by 24.65, 9.96, 8.21 and 22.54, 9.77,
7.83 and 23.17, 9.83, 8.44 per cent, respectively. Amongst inoculants, Rz + PSB
proved most efficient in improving N and P content of seed, haulms and protein as
well as gum content of seed over control by 18.25, 17.17 (N) 15.78, 17.64 (P) and
18.54, 10.21 per cent, respectively. Dual inoculation with Rz + PSB proved
economically beneficial as it recorded highest net returns of 2304, 2755 and 5974 ha-1
over PSB, Rz alone and control. Similarly, it increased B:C to 2.95 compared to 2.21,
2.61 and 2.66 fetched under no inoculation, Rz and PSB alone, respectively.
Description
Effect of phosphorus, sulphur and biofertilizers on growth and
yield of clusterbean [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.]
Keywords
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Citation
Kumar and Sharma, 2006