Investigations on Damage Potential and Control of Maize Stem Borer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) on Maize, Zea mays (L.)
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Date
2011
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Publisher
MPUAT, Udaipur
Abstract
The “Investigations on Damage Potential and Control of Maize Stem Borer,
Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) on Maize, Zea mays (L.)” were conducted at Instructional
Farm and Department of Entomology of Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Udaipur
during kharif 2011. The data recorded on vulnerable stage of maize to the infestation
of C. partellus showed that plant acquire resistance in older stage as compared to
earlier stage. The release of larvae up to 11 days after germination (DAG) resulted in
maximum LIR, 9.0 while, 8.33 after 13 DAG. Minimum LIR, 3.67 was obtained at 21
DAG and there was significant difference among LIR obtained at 13, 15, 17, 19 and
21 DAG. The data recorded on plant height varied from 18.53 to 160.58 cm after the
release of neonate larvae at 7 to 21 DAG. Minimum plant height, 18.53 cm, was
recorded at 7 DAG followed by 19.92, 22.75 and 26.48 cm at 9, 11 and 13 DAG
respectively. The release of larvae at 7 to 13 DAG destroyed the plants completely
and no yield was recorded while maximum yield, 102.22 g /plant was recorded at 21
DAG followed by 88.39 and 54.82 g /plant at 19 and 17 DAG respectively.
The effect of insecticide when applied immediate before or after release of
larvae showed minimum LIR, 1.0, maximum plant height, 169.96 and 171.85 cm, nil
tunnel length and maximum plant yield, 118.27 and 119.94 g /plant respectively.
Significantly similar results were obtained when larvae were released one day before
and after spray. Spray of insecticide two days before or after release also resulted in
less LIR, 2.87 and 2.30, plant height, 164.36 and 167.04 cm, nil tunnel length and
good plant yield, 109.99 and 113.15 g /plant respectively. The release of larvae well
before (8 DBS) gave high LIR, 8.70, lowest plant height, 32.76 cm, nil tunnel length
and no yield.
The results obtained on incubation period of eggs of C. partellus showed that
storage of eggs for 3 days at 30C resulted in longest incubation period, 8.13 days followed by 7.34, 6.73, 6.47 and 6.21 days at 5, 7, 9 and 110C respectively. The
increase in duration of storage of eggs (5 days) of C. partellus resulted in varied
impacts wherein 3 and 50C gave longest incubation period, 10.88 and 10.22 days
respectively but statistically at par. Similarly, at 7 and 90C, incubation period was
9.30 and 9.18 days but statistically at par and significantly different to 8.45 days at
110C. Prolonged storage (7 days) also had the similar effect wherein longest
incubation period, 13.20 days, was observed at 30C and shortest, 10.91 days at 110C.
The data obtained on hatching of eggs of C. partellus showed that at low temperature,
30C, inhibited development and significantly minimum hatching, 15.0, 9.0 and 5.0 per
cent was observed at 3, 5 and 7 days respectively. Maximum hatching, 73.0, 59.0 and
36.0 per cent was recorded at 110C when stored for 3, 5 and 7 days respectively.
The observations recorded on pupal period at different temperature viz., 3 to
110C under varied storage durations, 5 to 15 days showed decreased temperature
either prolonged the pupal period or inhibited development completely. Longest pupal
period, 16.42 and 22.68 days was observed at 30C under 5 and 10 days storage
respectively while shortest duration, 13.07 to 24.92 days was recorded at 110C under
5, 10 and 15 days respectively. No adults were emerged at 30C when pupae were
stored for 15 days.
Adult emergence at different test temperature under 5, 10 and 15 days ranged
from 12.0 to 69.0, 7.0 to 55.0 and 9.0 to 40.0 per cent respectively. No adults were
emerged at 30C under 15 days storage. Sex ratio exhibited at test temperatures, 3, 5, 7,
9 and 110C were significantly different to each other under 5, 10 and 15 days storage.
Less female, 0.68 to 0.43 were observed at 30C while females were increased
comparatively to 0.94, 0.94 and 0.91 at higher temperature, 110C under 5, 10 and 15
days storage respectively. Very similar trends in fecundity was observed wherein low
temperature retarted the fecundity while higher temperature favoured the fecundity.
Number of eggs observed at 3, 5, 7, 9 and 110C under 5, 10 and 15 days ranged from
49.75 to 184.75, 31.5 to 168.75 and 39.75 to 151.50, respectively and were
statistically different to each other. The adults emerged from pupae stored at 3 to 110C
for 5 to 15 days showed significant effect on adult longevity. Shortest life span of
adult, 1.5 and 1.25 days, was observed at lowest temperature, 30C under 5 and 10 days
storage respectively while longest life span, 3.75, 3.25 and 3.0 days was recorded at
110C under 5, 10 and 15 days respectively.
Description
Investigations on Damage Potential and Control of Maize Stem
Borer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) on Maize, Zea mays (L.)
Keywords
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Citation
Choudhary and Bajpai, 2011