Studies on comparison of haemagglutination inhibition, Competitive ELISA and serum neutralization tests for detection of peste des petits ruminants antibodies in goats
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Date
2011
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LUVAS
Abstract
Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) disease is an acute febrile, highly contagious viral disease of small ruminants caused by virus belongs to genus „Morbillivirus‟ in the family „Paramyxoviridae‟. PPR has become endemic in India and poses a serious threat to small ruminant population. To reduce the severity of disease it is imperative to have rapid, effective, simple, cheap, sensitive and specific diagnostic assay for PPR disease. Hence in order to achieve that aim, a simple and rapid haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test was standardized. The standardized reagent for haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test included 0.7% chicken RBCs, diluent phosphate buffer saline (PBS) having pH 6.8 and incubation temperature of 370C for 30 minutes. Two hundred sera samples (100 prevaccinated and 100 post vaccinated) of goats were collected from CCSHAU, goat farm and from various districts of Haryana state. These sera samples were screened by haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test, serum neutralization test (SNT) and competitive-ELISA for antiPPRV antibodies. Efficacy of haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test compared very well with serum neutralization test (SNT) having 95% & 93% diagnostic sensitivity and specificity and with competitive-ELISA showed 97% & 95% diagnostic sensitivity and specificity respectively. Results of the competitive-ELISA were also compared with the serum neutralization test and exhibited 97% & 95% diagnostic sensitivity and specificity respectively. Diagnostic accuracy (DA) between haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test and serum neutralization test, serum neutralization test and c-ELISA were found to be between 94% and 96% respectively. Findings suggest that though HI test is having a slightly less diagnostic sensitivity, specificity than SNT and almost comparable to c-ELISA yet it is a method that is rapid, simple, and cost- effective which will make it more suitable for use in any laboratory. Haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test therefore can be used as a diagnostic test for PPR disease and as a screening test for detection of antiPPRV antibodies in a large numbers of sera samples where prevalence rate of PPR disease is high