Studies on Genetic Diversity, Correlation and Seed Quality Parameters in Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) Genotypes
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Date
2015-08
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College of Forestry, Ranichauri Campus, V.C.S.G. Uttarakhand University of Horticulture and Forestry
Abstract
Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) is one of the most important pseudo cereal crop of the mountain region widely cultivated in the middle and higher Himalayas during kharif season. The thirty diverse genotypes of buckwheat including four checks i.e. PRB-1, Himpriya, VL-7 and Shimla-B1 was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replication. Observations were recorded for field parameters were days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height at maturity (cm), number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, number of internodes per plant, number of leaves per plant, leaf length (cm), 100-seed weight (g) and seed yield per plant (g). The seed quality parameters were recorded for first count, standard germination, root length, shoot length, seedling length, seedling fresh weight, seedling dry weight, vigour index-I and vigour index-II. The data was utilized for estimation of mean, range, coefficient of variation, heritability, genetic advance, correlation coefficient, path coefficient and genetic divergence.
The present study was under taken to elucidate analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes for all the characters. The cultivars PRB-1 and IC-13533 exhibiting high mean performance for seed yield along with high performance for some other yield components. The genotype VL-7, IC-107988 and IC-26599 was better for seed quality attributes. High phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation (PCV and GCV), heritability and genetic advance were observed for plant height, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, number of leaves per plant, 100-seed weight and seed yield per plant. Correlation studies indicated that seed yield per plant was positively correlated with days to maturity, plant height and number of primary branches per plant. Maximum positive direct effect on seed yield per plant was imposed by days to maturity, plant height and number of primary branches per plant. The genetic divergence among the 30 genotypes by using Mahalanobis D² stastistic was grouped into 6 cluster. Maximum inter-cluster genetic distance was observed between cluster I and cluster IV followed by cluster I and cluster III suggesting wide diversity among these groups. Considering cluster mean and genetic distance the crossing between genotypes of cluster I, cluster III and cluster IV would be fruitful for obtaining transgrassive segregants for developing high yielding and better quality buckwheat varieties.
On the basis of salient findings of present study, it is concluded that the genotypes PRB-1 and IC-13533 were found promising as they contained more than one desirable trait and for the seed quality parameters the genotype VL-7, IC-107988 and IC-26599, which was suitable for under laboratory condition. So these germplasm can be further utilized in crop improvement programme which is suitable for mid hills of Uttarakhand
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