“PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDY AND SEPERATION OF NATURAL PRODUCTS FROM „TRINPANCHMOOL’ GRASSES (5-GRASS ROOTS)”

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Date
2013-06
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jau,junagadh
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The present investigation was on “Phytochemical Study and Seperation of Natural Products from „Trinpanchmool’ Grasses (5-Grass Roots)” Darbh (Imperata cylindrica Rausch.), Kush (Desmostachya bipinnata Stapf.), Nala (Arundo donax Linn.), Kash (Saccharum spontaneum Linn.) and Ikshu (Saccharum Officinarum Linn.). In this study, the n-hexane, ethyl acetate, acetone, methanol, water and Methanol : water (90:10) root extracts of each plant of Trinpanchmool (Gramineae) were investigated for their Preliminary phytochemical analysis, antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Vibrio, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, and antioxidant activities. Antioxidant activity of the extracts was determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging test. Separation of Methanol: water (90:10) extracts of all five plants were achieved using Sepbox 2D-2000 (HPLC/SPE/HPLC). Number of fractions were collected and screened according to peak intensity. High intensity peaks were subjected to identify compounds presents in selected fractions by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS). Crude extracts obtained through the different solvents showed that methanol: water (90:10) was quantitatively the best solvent for all the plants. Preliminary phytochemical screening of all extract of Trinpanchmool medicinal plants showed presence of cardiac glycosides, A B S T R A C T ABSTRACT II flavonoid and phenol in considerable amount in all plants. Steroids, cellulose, triterpenes and carbohydrates were present in moderate amount in all plants studied. Lignans were present in Darbha (Imperata cylindrica Rausch.) And Ikshu (Saccharum officinarum Linn.) plants. The highest antibacterial activity was observed against salmonella strain by ethyl acetate extract of Saccharum officinarum Linn. Highest antifungal activity was observed against aspergillus niger strain by Water extracts of Imperata cylindrica Rausch and Desmostachya bipinnata Stapf. The results revealed that Ikshu (Saccharum officinarum Linn.) was more effective than other plants against tested microbes. In present study, acetone extract of Desmostachya bipinnata Stapf had lowest IC50 value (17.42 μg/ml), which indicates that this extract was a good scavengers of free radical compared to other plant‟s extracts. Root extract of Imperata Cylindrica Rausch (Darbh) was subjected to separation through Sepbox, and total 174 fractions were collected. The high intensity fractions were selected i.e. 12, 127, 142 and subjected to GC-MS for identification. Twenty seven compounds were detected in fraction no. 12. The results revealed that, cis-Coniferyl Alcohol was found as major component followed by cis-Jasmone, p-Vinylguaiacol, levoglucosan. Twelve compounds were detected in fraction no. 127. The results revealed that, Pentadecanoic acid, 14-methyl-, methyl ester was found as major component followed by 7-Hexadecenoic acid- methyl ester, Isoelemicin, trans-Coniferyl Alcohol. Fourteen compounds were detected in fraction no. 142. The results revealed that, Methyl ricinoleate was found as major component followed by Bornyl Angelate, trans-Coniferyl Alcohol, Limonene-1,2-epoxide, Elemicin. Total 97 fractions were collected through Sepbox analysis from Root extract of Desmostachya bipinnata Stapf (Kush). The high intensity fractions number 9, 61, 76 were subjected to GC-MS for identification. ABSTRACT III Eleven compounds were detected in fraction no. 9. Out of which levoglucosan was found as major component followed by cis-Coniferyl Alcohol, beta-Thujaplicinol. Nine compounds were detected in fraction no. 61. Ricinoleic acid methyl ester was found as major component followed by Brassidic acid, butyl 2-ethylhexyl ester, Seselin. Ten compounds were detected in fraction no. 76. Methyl ricinoleate was found as major component followed by (2-Methyl-but-3-enyl-2-oxy)-dimethyl-silane, Pentadecanoic acid, 14-methyl- methyl ester, Pentacosane. Total 226 fractions were collected through Sepbox analysis from root extract of Arundo Donax (Nal). The high intensity fractions number 151, 171, 205 were subjected to GC-MS for identification. Twenty four compounds were detected in fraction no. 151. Cis-Coniferyl Alcohol was found as major component followed by 2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol methoxystyrene, cis-Jasmone. Twenty five compounds were detected in fraction no. 171. Perilla Aldehyde was found as major component followed by trans-Coniferyl Alcohol, 2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol, Isoelemicin. Twelve compounds were detected in fraction no. 205. The 9, 12-Octadecadienoic acid, methyl ester was found as major component followed by Erucylamide, Pentadecanoic acid 14-methyl- methyl ester, Isoelemicin. Total 209 fractions were collected through Sepbox analysis from root extract of Saccharum spontaneum Linn (Kash). The high intensity fractions were selected i.e. 43, 74, 154 and subjected to GC-MS for identification. Twenty nine compounds were detected in fraction no. 43. Out of which Xanthosine was found as major component followed by Levoglucosan, Pyrogallol, 2-Isopropyl-5-methylhex-2-enal. Eighteen compounds were detected in fraction no. 74. Xanthosine was found as major component followed by Benzenepropanoic acid 2,5-dimethoxy, cis-Coniferyl Alcohol. Thirty compounds were detected in fraction no. 154. 4-Methoxyphenyl methyl carbinol was found as major component followed by Levoglucosan, cis-Coniferyl Alcohol, Homatropine, Isovanillin, Pyrogallol. ABSTRACT IV Total 195 fractions were collected Through Sepbox analysis from root extract of Saccharum officinarum Linn (Ikshu). The high intensity fractions number 59, 159, 175 were subjected to GC-MS for identification. Ten compounds were detected in fraction no. 59. Methyl Linoleate was found as major component followed by Pyrogallol, Oleic acid methyl ester, Hexadecanoic acid methyl ester, d-Allose. Twenty four compounds were detected in fraction no. 169. Out of which Benzenepropanoic acid, 2,5-dimethoxy was found as major component followed by trans-Coniferyl Alcohol, 2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 13-Docosenamide. Sixteen compounds were detected in fraction no. 175. Seselin was found as major component followed by trans-Longipinanol, ortho-Cymene, alpha-Asarone, 2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol, Bornyl Angelate, trans-Coniferyl Alcohol, gamma-Alantone, Parsley Apiole. Total 271 compounds from selected 15 fractions were indentified from Trinpanchmool by GC-MS. Desmostachya bipinnata Stapf (Kush) plant showed highest antioxidant activity because of presence of high content of Cis-coniferyl alcohol, Cis-jasmone, Methyl ricinolate antioxidant compounds. Saccharum officinarum Linn (Ikshu) showed highest antimicrobial activity because of its major antimicrobial compounds Viz. pyrogallol, Trans- longipinanol, Nuciferyl acetate,Gamma- muurolene, Cryptomeridiol and Hexadecanoic acid methyl ester. All the compounds seems beneficial pharmacological point of view as well as industrial and research point of view according to available information
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