GROUNDWATER DEPLETION A ND ITS SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACTS IN WATERSHED AND NON-WATERSHED AREA IN EASTERN DRY ZONE OF KARNATAKA
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Date
2009-07-10
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UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU
Abstract
The stu d y aim ed a t analyzing Socio-econom ic im p acts du e to
groundw ater depletion, cost of groundw ater extraction a n d agricultural
productivity. T his stu d y w as conducted in B adigevarhalli Microw
atershed of M indigallu V addu sub W atershed an d Kagthi village for
N on-w atershed an aly sis in C h intam ani taluk of C h ik b alap u r district. For
draw ing the re su lts both prim ary and secondary d a ta w as collected.
Prim ary d a ta w as collected from 70 farm ers, o u t of th a t 40 from
w atershed a n d 30 from non-w atershed w ith the help of pre-tested
schedule for the y e a r 2008-09.
In term s of irrigation cost per acre inch of w ater, it w as less in
W atershed (Rs.151) com pared to N on-w atershed a rea (Rs.186). Similarly
am ortized cost per well p er year w as m arginally higher in N on-w atershed
(Rs. 17217) com pared to W atershed area (Rs. 16072). R eduction in area
u n d e r irrigation du e to scarcity of groundw ater w as m ore in Nonw
atershed (20 acres) th a n W atershed (16 acres) area. In W atershed, 14
farm ers w ere re b o re d / im proved the existing bore wells, of which
m edium farm er (43%) co n stitu ted m axim um sh are, followed by sm all
(36%) a n d large farm ers (21%). In case of N on-w atershed area, 12
farm ers rebored, of w hich, sm all farm ers (43%) sh are w as highest
followed by m edium farm ers (33%). The h o u seh o ld s w ho shifted to
rainfed agricu ltu re due to bore well failure were less in W atershed (3
households) a re a com pared to N on-w atershed (5 households) area. In
W atershed area, m ajority of th em were sm all (66%) an d m edium farm ers
(44%), w hereas in N on-w atershed area, sm all farm ers (60%) sh are was
greater th a n th e m edium farm ers (40%). In both W atershed an d Nonw
atershed a re a s sm all farm ers were th e m o st affected du e to
groundw ater depletion.
The inequity in incom e distribution am ong h o u seh o ld s w as more
in N on-w atershed a re a com pared to W atershed area. The re su lts
indicated th a t th e investm ent on drip irrigation system over drilling an
additional well w as econom ically viable.
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