MANAGEMENT OF Sitophilus oryzae Linn. AND Rhyzopertha dominica Fab. UNDER MODIFIED ATMOSPHERIC CONDITION IN SORGHUM
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2012-06-30
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Studies on the management of Sitophilus oryzae Linn. and Rhyzopertha dominica Fab. under modified atmospheric condition in sorghum was undertaken at the Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, Raichur, Karnataka during 2011-12.
Oxygen and Carbon dioxide gases at different concentrations were tested to find out their efficacy on the development of S. oryzae and R. dominica and the change in O2 and CO2 concentration levels in polyethylene covers after exposing to the treatments in sorghum were observed at 45, 90, 135, 180, 225, 270 and 315 days after treatment by using check mate gas analyser. The results of the investigations revealed that there was gradual depletion of O2 and increase of CO2 gas concentrations. This was mainly due to respiration of insects and grains during storage. Fifteen and 20 per cent CO2 concentrations exposed upto 315 days resulted in cent per cent mortality of insects. Further, there was no adult emergence thereby mass loss (%) was nil and also there was no loss in germination of grains.
Studies were carried out for the bioassay which revealed that, LC50 values for both adults were 78.22 and 77.59 per cent CO2 was required for an exposure period of 12 hour respectively for rice weevils and lesser grain borer were. For an exposure period of 24 hrs, the LC50 value was 73.82 and 72.00 per cent CO2 required for rice weevils and lesser grain borer, respectively. The LC50 values of 71.22 and 69.77 per cent CO2 was required for rice weevils and lesser grain borer, respectively for an exposure period of 36 hrs.
Overall studies revealed that15 and 20 per cent CO2 and below five per cent O2 gave cent per cent mortality at 45 days after exposure without emergence of adults, weight loss and also there was no loss in germination of grains. Sorghum seeds were stored up to 10 months without infestation.
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