Heterosis and combining ability studies on yield, quality and storage traits involving bush and butternut type genotypes in pumpkin (Cucurbita moshata Duch. ex Poir.)
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Date
2017
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
The present study was conducted in diallel fashion to estimate combining ability and
heterosis involving bush and butternut type genotypes of pumpkin. Among nine parents, MSBN
3621-9-3-1 was the best combiner for characters related to bushy growth habit, butternut fruit type
and earliness; CFR 2211-2 for number of primary branches, early female flowering, TSS and dry
matter; MBN 6242-3-1 (Butternut type) for pulp thickness (0.44) and fruit yield per vine (0.63);
MVSR 6711-14-2 for early male flowering and vitamin-C; BN-364 for number of fruits per vine
(0.22) and total carotenoids. Among bushy and butternut crosses, number of primary branches,
internodal length, early flowering and fruiting, fruit shape index, fruit yield per vine, TSS and dry
matter content and vitamin-C were controlled by additive as well as non-additive gene effects and
can be exploited through heterosis breeding or recurrent selection. High additive and additive ×
additive genetic variance for peduncle length, polar diameter, pulp thickness, total carotenoids and
total sugar highlighted the exploitation through selection. However, non-additive gene effects for
short vine, equator diameter, number of fruits per vine and less average fruit weight suggested use
of heterosis breeding. On the basis of significant economic heterosis over PPH-1 and PPH-2,
crosses MBN 6242-3-1 × CFR 2211-2 (122.56 and 176.51%, respectively) was best for yield per
vine and BUMOV 41212-3-1 × BN-364, PS × BN-364, BUMOV 41212-3-1 × MSBN
3621-9-3-1, MSBN 3621-9-3-1 × MBN 6242-3-1 were best for less fruit weight as well as more
number of fruits per vine among bushy and butternut genotypes. On the basis of per se
performance, MSBN 3621-9-3-1 × MBN 6242-3-1 (34.76 MT/ha), MSBN 3621-9-3-1 × CFR
2211-2 (33.02 MT/ha), BN-364 × MSBN 3621-9-3-1 (32.07 MT/ha), MVSR 6711-14-2 × MSBN
3621-9-3-1 (30.81 MT/ha) were high yielding bushy hybrids with early maturity and butternut
fruits. In character association, vine length was highly correlated with internodal length (0.85) and
earliest node to female flower (0.85). Fruit yield per vine was highly associated with average fruit
weight (1.00), node to first fruit (0.98) and vine length (0.97), while average fruit weight was
influenced with quality traits such as total sugar (0.34) and vitamin-C (0.31).
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