Anther and microspore culture in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

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Date
2017
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Anther and microspore culture in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)” was conducted at School of Agricultural Biotechnology, PAU, Ludhiana. Anthers of 31 genotypes were cultured on MS medium having different concentration of auxins and cytokinins to induce callusing. Of the different media compositions used, callus induction was observed in eight genotypes on MS medium supplemented with 2ip (1mg/l) and IAA (2mg/l). The percent callus formation was maximum in genotype Wild Texas (88.00) and minimum (4%) in TLBNRH-1214. The calli obtained from the anthers of the eight genotypes were cultured on different regeneration media. However, the regeneration was observed only in calli of Wild Texas with percent regeneration of 0.66 on MS media supplemented with zeatin (0.5mg/l). After rooting on MS medium containing IBA (0.1mg/l), plantlets were hardened and transferred to pots. For microspore culture, anthers were cultured on liquid MS media having different combinations of growth hormones. After one week, anthers were macerated with glass rod and suspension of microsporocytes/microspores were filtered and cultured in petri dishes. There was multiplication of microspores seen under the microscope but callus formation was not initiated. In another experiment of in vitro regeneration carried out through somatic embryogenesis in genotype Roma yielded only calli without any plant regeneration. However, in direct plant regeneration through organogenesis the percent plant regeneration was maximum in shoot tips of Punjab Ratta on MS medium supplemented with Zeatin (1mg/l) + IAA (0.1mg/l). The protocol thus developed for anther culture and plant regeneration can be used for improvement of these varieties.
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