Genetic Investigation of Body Weight and Morphometry Traits of Sirohi Goats in the Field
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Date
2005
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MPUAT, Udaipur
Abstract
Growth performance, survey data on socio-economic status and goat management practices from 2001-2003 recorded on 1500 kids of 514 goats sired by 40 bucks under AICRP on goat (Sirohi, field unit) at Livestock Research Station, Vallabhnagar were utilized for the present study. A field survey was also conducted to study the socio-economic status and goat management practices of 100 goat rearers in Nathdwara, Vallabhnagar, Railmagra and Devgarh area. Frequencies were workout for each attitude and percentages were calculated to draw inferences.
The overall mean for body weights at birth, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of age was 2.21±0.01, 11.23±0.06, 15.69±0.07, 18.84±0.08 and 21.88±0.010 kg, respectively, while for morphometric traits viz. body height 31.61±0.08, 46.69±0.12, 52.0±0.13, 57.56±0.13 and 61.98±0.15cm, body length 28.85±0.07, 44.49±0.13, 49.48±0.14, 54.01±0.17 and 57.76±0.17 cm, and body girth, 31.51±0.07, 48.79±0.13, 54.95±0.15, 59.56±0.14 and 64.39±0.15cm at birth, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months, respectively. The overall mean for instantaneous relative growth rate was1.18±0.007, 0.38±0.005, 0.22±0.004 and 0.18±0.004 per cent per day for 0-3, 3-6, 6-9 and 9-12 months, respectively. The relative growth rate was 4.24±0.030, 0.43±0.006, 0.22±0.004 and 0.18±0.009 kg/kg body weight for 0-3, 3-6, 6-9 and 9-12 months, respectively. The overall absolute growth rate was 100.33±0.314, 50.45±0.612, 36.20±0.605 and 36.51±0.707 gm/day for 0-3, 3-6, 6-9 and 9-12 months, respectively.
The sire, year of birth and location had significant effect on body weight, morphometric traits and all type of growth rates at all the ages except IRGR and RGR for 6-9 months. The effect of season of birth was highly significant on body weight, body length and body girth at 3, 6 and 9 months and body height at 3 months, and growth rates for all the period, while it had significant effect on body length at birth and 12 months of age. The effect of sex of kid was highly significant on body weights and morphometric traits at birth and 12 months of age, RGR (3-6 months) and AGR (3-6 and 6-9 months). The effect of type of birth was highly significant on body weights and morphometric traits at birth while significant effect on body weight at 3 months, body height at 3, 9 and 12 months, body length at 9 and 12 months and body girth at 9 months. The type of housing and parity of dam had non-significant effect on body weights, morphometric traits and growth rates.
The heritability estimates for all the body weight and morphometric traits at all the ages were moderate to high except 3 months body height. The heritability estimates for growth rates were low to moderate.
Genetic correlation among birth weight and subsequent body weights was moderate to high and negative except 3 months body weight. The coefficient of genetic correlation between 9 and 12 months weight was low while among 6 and 9 months with subsequent body weight was high. The genetic correlation among various morphometric traits was positive except those of body height and girth at birth and body height and length at 3 months of age. The phenotypic correlations of birth weight with 3 and 12 months weight were low and positive while negative and low with 6 and 9 months weights. The phenotypic correlations of 3, 6 and 9 months body weight with subsequent weights were high and positive. The phenotypic correlation among the morphometric traits at various ages were high, positive and significant (P<0.01). Genetic correlations among the growth rates during various periods were moderate to high and most of correlations were negative. However the phenotypic correlations among the growth rates were low to moderate and negative.
The survey revealed that majority of goat rearers belong to middle age group and other backward caste (OBC) category. The literacy rate of goat keepers was 40 per cent. Sixty six per cent goat keepers surveyed depends on Agriculture and Animal Husbandry and having annual income between Rs. 15000-30000. Majority of goat keepers had land holding size between 2.5 to 5 bigga. Among the total livestock maintained by goat keepers surveyed maximum at 78.95 per cent were goat. The overall average goat holding of goat keepers was 22.96±2.24 goats and average flock size for landless farmers were 19.54±5.34. Fifty five per cent goat keepers adopted extensive grazing pattern on community land. Lopping of tree was a routine practice of grazing. The green fodder feeding practices were adopted by 29 per cent goat rearers. Majority of goat keepers provided concentrate mixture to kids, lactating doe’s, and bucks. Overall 71 per cent goat keepers prepared the concentrate mixture at their home. The most common symptoms of heat detection were bellowing and tail vibration. Natural service was commonly used for breeding and 44 per cent have their own breeding buck. An abdominal appearance method of pregnancy detection was used by 42 per cent goat keepers. Majority of goat rearers (62%) do not castrate their male kids. Physical appearance as selection criteria for selecting breeding bucks was used by 39 per cent goat keepers. The overall average number of breedable goats per buck in the study area was observed to be 32.08±0.06. Majority of goat rearers (82%) house their animals attached to their own residential house which was open and Kaccha flooring type of house.
Majority of goat rearers provided separate house for kid and bucks. Majority of goat keepers practiced vaccination (56%), deworming (74%) and scientific measures (85%) for eradicating external parasites. Most of goat rearers preferred to sell their animals in village market and near by city on occasion of festival on body weight basis
Description
Genetic Investigation of Body Weight and Morphometry Traits of Sirohi Goats in the Field
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Citation
Sharma and Pathodiya, 2005