ROLE OF SELF HELP GROUPS (SHGs) FOR EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN
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Date
2009-07
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jau,junagadh
Abstract
A study entitled “Role of self help groups (SHGs) for empowerment of women” was carried with the objectives of (1) To study the socio-personal profile of the member of Self Help Groups, (2) To know the extent of women empowerment through Self Help Group, (3) To ascertain the relationship between socio-personal characteristics with empowerment, (4) To find extent of variation caused by dependent variables on extent of empowerment in self help groups, (5) To identify and analyze motivational factor behind self help group, (6) To know the activities carried out by self help groups, (7) To know the constraints as perceived by self help groups, (8) To give suggestions to strengthen the self help groups.
The present study was conducted in the area of Junagadh district of Gujarat State. According to availability SHG women were selected from three talukas, so twenty respondents from each village were selected by simple random sampling (SRS). For, these nine villages namely, Shedhaya, Devli, Muldwarka, Lushala, Thanapipli, Panchala, Khirasara, Balagam and Char purposively selected from Junagadh district where self help groups are formed. Two hundred women were selected from self help groups. For collection of the data field survey by personal interview method with the help of structured schedule was used. The data were collected, coded, classified, tabulated and analyzed in order to get meaningful findings.
The study revealed that more than half (62.00 per cent) of the self help group women belonged to middle age (44.00 per cent), education up to (26.00 per cent) primary level, belonged to medium (48.00 per cent) size of family, low annual income (44.00 per cent), up to 1 ha of land holding (44.50 per cent) , more than half (72.00 per cent) SHG women were married, less than half (39.00 per cent) of the daily labour in agriculture and allied fields, low social participation (62.00 per cent), more than half (57.00 per cent) of the respondents had training undergone through self help group, amount of saving (52.00 per cent) up to Rs. 26-50 per month, more than half (51.50 per cent) of the self help groups age were per cent 5 to 10 years, more than half (82.5 per cent) of the respondents were more than 10 SHG members, had medium market orientation (55.00 per cent) of the respondent. In case of empowerment majority of the (66.50 per cent) of the self help group women had medium level of empowerment about self help group. Whereas, 17.50 per cent and 16.00 per cent of the SHG women had high and low level of empowerment, respectively.
Total five out of fourteen independent variables had shown significant association with the extent of empowerment regarding self help group. The variables, age, family size, marital status, amount of saving and deposit and age of self help group had negative and significant correlation with the empowerment about self help group. The R2 value (0.63) expressed the ideas that fourteen variables jointly contributed toward 63.97 per cent of the variation in level of empowerment about self help group of respondents. The calculated “t” vales of the partial regression coefficient were significant at 0.01 levels in case of education (9.208), size of land holding (3.820) and training undergone (2.738). The calculated “t” vales of the partial regression coefficient were significant at 0.05 levels in case of age (2.017), family size (2.378), amount of saving (2.469), age of self help group (2.728) and number of members in SHG (2.330).
In case of motivational factors result related to awareness building more than half (83.50 per cent) of the SHG women motive to generate income; with respect to status building motives, majority (77.00 per cent) of SHG women attracted due to self interest; among NGO development, majority (89.50 per cent) of the SHG women motives other self help groups; as regards the motives related to media, majority (60.00 per cent) of SHG women were motivated through televisions; majority (71.50 per cent) of SHG women motive personal and institutional concern.
SHG women actively participate in dairy cooperative (55.00 per cent), handicraft (45.50 per cent), milk product (36.50 per cent) and making of detergent, soap and powder (24.50 per cent). Women active in combine activity like dairy cooperative and milk product were (31.50 per cent) and earn income in both of this activity.
The major constraints were lack of knowledge of record keeping, problem in saving money, SHG women depend on male members, unable to do formalities of bank like transaction, opening bank account and loan procedure, lack of interpersonal trust, complicated procedure of getting loan, all women do not attend meeting on time and quarrelling women with each other.
The major suggestions expressed by the SHG women accelerate maintain the register regularly, increase level of education in women, women should come on time for meeting, bank cooperative with self help group, Training on various aspects should be conducted, to provide marketing to all activity and co operation among members is must. The present investigation is a comprehensive attempt to identify important characteristics of SHG women and their level of empowerment of self help group. Thus present study has thrown light on the new areas in which research work needed to be carried out.
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extention education