SUSTAINABLE GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT IN JAISAMAND CATCHMENT THROUGH REMOTE SENSING AND GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM
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Date
2015
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MPUAT, Udaipur
Abstract
Groundwater is one of the most valuable natural resources, which supports human health, socio-economic development, and functioning of ecosystems. In the Jaisamand catchment there are problems of land degradation, severe erosion, declining water table and biodiversity reduction due to lack of sustainable water resources management. So study was carried out for sustainable groundwater management through RS and GIS.
In this study entire catchment was divided into fourteen sub-basins. The parameters computed in the present study includes stream order, stream length, stream frequency, bifurcation ratio, drainage density, stream frequency, form factor, circulatory ratio, elongation ratio, relief ratio and ruggedness number by standard methods and formulae. The prioritization of sub-basins for application of soil and water conservation measures was carried out. It was found that the lowest compound parameters value is 4 occurred in the sub-basin number 5 that is given high priority for conservation measures. The groundwater quality of Jaisamand catchment also analyzed. The different water quality parameter maps were prepared under GIS environment and the spatio temporal variations of groundwater quality were analyzed. The maximum area shows all the parameters within permissible limit during pre-monsoon and post monsoon period for drinking purpose. The suitability of groundwater for irrigation use was evaluated on the basis of SAR, Kelly’s Ratio (KR), Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC), Soluble Sodium Percentage (SSP) and Permeability Index (PI).In the catchment maximum area shows groundwater is suitable for irrigation purpose for pre monsoon and post monsoon period. The aquifer parameters i.e. transmissivity and specific yield were determined by pumping test and it ranges from 123.82 m2/day to 386.94 m2/day and the specific yield ranges from 0.000160 to 0.03047 respectively, suggesting strong heterogeneity.
In the present study, Geographical Information System is used to integrate multiparametric data to generate several thematic maps, delineate groundwater potential zones and identify sites of artificial recharge in the Jaisamand catchment. The thematic layers considered to delineate groundwater potential zones are geomorphology, soil, slope, topographic elevation, land use/land cover, recharge, post-monsoon groundwater depth and transmissivity, which were prepared using conventional maps and data. All these themes and their individual features were then assigned weights according to their relative importance in groundwater occurrence and the corresponding normalized weights were obtained based on the Saaty’s analytical hierarchy process. The thematic layers were finally added using Arc GIS software to yield groundwater potential zone map of the study area. The study area is classified into four groundwater potential zones, ‘good’, ‘moderate’, ‘poor’, and ‘very poor’, which encompass 12.82, 49.65, 33.21, and 4.32 per cent of the study area, respectively. The thematic layers used in this study to determine artificial recharge zones are transmissivity, recharge, groundwater level (post-monsoon), topographic elevation, soil and slope. These layers were combined using Boolean logic analysis to delineate zones of suitability for artificial recharge structures. The area suitable for artificial recharge is 279 km2, which is 15.02 per cent of the total study area. The linear programming model was developed for Jaisamand command area by considering net benefit, production and labour employment maximization are the main objectives. The area allocated to crops for different canal running days was obtained.
Description
SUSTAINABLE GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT IN JAISAMAND CATCHMENT THROUGH REMOTE SENSING AND GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM
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Citation
DAHIPHALE PRAVIN, 2015