Genetic Divergence in Physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) of Aravali Hills of Southern Rajasthan
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Date
2011
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MPUAT, Udaipur
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Genetic Divergence in Physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) of Aravali Hills of Southern Rajasthan” was carried out with 56 genotypes of physic nut collected from Aravalli hills of Southern Rajasthan. These genotypes were propagated by stem cuttings at Instructional farm of Horticulture, RCA, Udaipur and observations were recorded on plants having age of 3 and 4 year in the year 2007 and 2008. The experiment was conducted in Completely Randomized Block Design with five replications. Observations were recorded for 26 characters i.e. seed yield and it's component traits.
Variability parameters and correlation coefficients were computed for all the characters had significant genotypic differences and path analysis was carried out by taking seed yield and oil content as dependent characters. Genetic divergence was assessed using Euclidean2 distance.
Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes for all the traits except for number of primary branches per plant.
In terms of per se performance, genotypes ARV-020 and ARV-023 were best genotypes in both the years for seed yield and other important characters. Genotypes ARV-079 and ARV-049 were best genotypes for oil content.
Magnitude of GCV and PCV was high for number of fruiting branches per plant, fruit yield per plant and seed yield per plant in both the years and for number of fruits per fruiting branch in first year only.
High heritability was recorded for area of fully matured leaf and 100-seed weight in both the years and for seed content in the first year. High genetic gain was depicted by number of fruiting branches per plant, fruit yield per plant, seed yield per plant and acid value in both the years. High genetic gain coupled with moderate heritability was observed for number of fruiting branches per plant and acid value in both the years and for fruit yield per plant and seed yield per plant in second year indicating greater scope of selection.
Correlation of seed yield per plant with plant height, stem girth, number of fruiting branches per plant, number of fruits per fruiting branch, petiole length, seeds per fruit, fruit yield per plant, seed content, kernel: shell ratio and oil content was significant positive in both the years. Correlation of oil content with plant height, stem girth, number of fruits per fruiting branch, petiole length, number of secondary branches per inflorescence, weight per fruit, 100-seed weight, seed yield per plant, seed content and kernel: shell ratio was significant positive in both the years.
The positively correlated characters which exhibited positive direct effects on seed yield per plant were fruit yield per plant, seed content and number of fruits per fruiting branch in both the years. The positively correlated characters which exhibited positive direct effects on oil content were seed content, number of fruits per fruiting branch, weight per fruit and kernel: shell ratio in both the years.
Divergence study revealed that there was no relationship between genetic diversity and geographic diversity and there was no contribution of vegetative characters towards genetic divergence. The characters like seed content, 100-seed weight, number of female flowers per inflorescence, oil content, kernel: shell ratio and weight per fruit were highest contributors to total divergence. The 56 genotypes were grouped into 8 clusters in both the years. However, composition of clusters was slightly different in different years. Cluster III and VIII in first year and cluster VI and VIII in second year had maximum inter cluster distances, therefore genotypes belonging to these clusters and having high per se performance may give good segregates. Cluster IV in first year and cluster VIII in second year had highest mean values for maximum number of characters.
Based on above results ARV-036 X ARV-020 and ARV-036 X ARV-023 are recommended for hybridization, because these genotypes showed good per se performance for seed yield, contain high oil content and belong to the highly diverse clusters, therefore we may obtain good segregates from final generations of these crosses.
Description
Studies on the Genetic Divergence in Physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) of Aravali Hills of Southern Rajasthan
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Citation
Bochalya and Ranwah, 2011