Ameliorating potential of Trianthema portulacastrum Linn. and Chenopodium album Linn. in 7,12-dimethylbenz(a) anthracene induced mammary tumour in wistar rats
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Date
2016-07
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
Evaluation of ameliorating potential in terms of anticancerous and antioxidant properties of aerial parts of Trianthema portulacastrum and Chenopodium album was conducted in DMBA induced mammary tumorigenesis model in Wistar rats. The results of the quantitative phytochemical analysis of different extracts of both the plants revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, phenolic compounds, reducing sugars, glycosides, proteins, fixed oils and fat. Total phenolics and flavonoids in various extracts of T. portulacastrum and C. album revealed maximum content in the hydroethanolic extract. The DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays for different extracts were also found to be highest in the hydroethanolic extract. In vitro studies in HeLa cell lines revealed better cytotoxicities and apoptotic effects in the hydroethanolic and hydromethanolic extracts for both the plants. Based on the findings of in vitro studies, the hydroethanolic extracts of T. portulacastrum and C. album were selected for in vivo studies. High doses of T. portulacastrum were found to be toxic in rats. The mammary tumours were induced in animals by oral administration of DMBA in two divided doses @ 50 and 30 mg/kg at an interval of one week. The curative anticancer study was done in DMBA induced mammary tumour bearing animals by giving two doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg of hydroethanolic extracts of T. portulacastrum (TPHE) and C. album (CAHE) for 30 days. The parameters evaluated included clinical, haematological and serum biochemical; oxidative stress related parameters like lipid peroxidation, GSH, catalase, SOD, and glutathione reductase; mRNA expression studies for apoptosis related genes like caspase-3, Bcl-2, IL-10 and TNF-α; flow cytometry studies involving mitochondrial transmembrane potential and annexin V and propidium iodide was done for detecting percentage of apoptotic cells. The results revealed that TPHE and CAHE extracts were able to counteract the DMBA induced carcinogenesis. Comparatively, better curative anticancer activity was shown by TPHE 400 treated animals. The antioxidant status of TPHE 400 treated group was also found to be better than other groups. The protective study for evaluating the ability of these two extracts in preventing the development of mammary tumours was conducted by giving TPHE and CAHE extracts @ 200 mg/kg along with DMBA (50 and 30 mg/kg at interval of one week) treatment for 60 days. The results revealed that T. portulacastrum was having a comparatively better cancer preventing ability than C. album. Thus, it can be concluded from the present study that hydroethanolic extracts of T. portulacastrum and C. album has ameliorating potential against DMBA induced carcinogenesis.
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