PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN SOME THERMOTOLERANT AND THERMOSENSITIVE CHILLI (Capsicum annuum L.) GENOTYPES
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Date
2014
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
The present investigation was carried out to study the physiological and biochemical changes
in some thermotolerant and thermosensitive chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) genotypes. Fourteen
chilli genotypes viz., SL 461, PP 404, DL 161, MS 341, VR 521, PB 405, PS 403, SD 463,
FL 201, AC 102, S 343, SL 462 and SL 464 along with sensitive check (Royal Wonder) were
grown in a randomized block design with three replications during 2012-13. The observations
on morpho-physiological and biochemical parameters and yield attributes were recorded
between 45 to 105 days after transplanting (DAT) (high temperature period). On the basis of
our studies, genotypes S 343, AC 102 and FL 201 were found to be relatively thermotolerant.
However, high temperature markedly decreased the photosynthetic activity of chilli plants by
decreasing the photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll and carotenoid content) in leaf
chloroplasts of all the genotypes. The levels of ascorbic acid, total soluble sugars and total
phenols increased in the leaves of all the genotypes with the maturity of the crop. Electrolyte
leakage and proline content also increased with rise in temperature. Genotypes AC 102 and S
343 were able to accumulate the maximum ascorbic acid, proline, total soluble sugars and
total phenols under heat stress conditions. Early flowering was observed in relatively
thermotolerant genotypes as compared to sensitive check (Royal Wonder). High temperature
also caused a reduction in pollen viability, fruit size and seed number per fruit. Decrease in
fruit set percent and fruit weight led to reduction in the total yield per plant. Maximum yield
was observed in genotype S 343 followed by FL 201.
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