Canopy and Input Management in Guava (Psidium guajava L.) under Ultra High Density Planting System
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Date
2015
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MPUAT, Udaipur
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Canopy and input management in guava (Psidium guajava L.) under ultra high density planting system” was conducted during two consecutive years 2013-14 and 2014-15 at Instructional Farm, Department of Horticulture, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Udaipur. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with four replications for canopy management and one way classification with four replications for different fertigation levels. Three years old plants of guava cv. ‘L- 49’, were subjected at five different spacings (1x1.5 m, 1.5x1.5 m, 2 x 1 m, 2x1.5 m and 2x2 m) for canopy management treatments (pruning time, intensity and PBZ application) and for ‘fertigation’ three year old guava cv. ‘L- 49’ at spacing of 2x1 m and 2x2 m were selected as experimental material. In this way, experiment comprising of 12 treatments uniform pruning in September, pruning intensity 25%, 50%, 75%, during Feb., March, April, respectively, Paclobutrazol soil application @ 2ml/m2 of canopy and Paclobutrazol foliar spray @ 2ml/m2 of canopy and 15 combination of different spacing and 50 % pruning intensity at different time (February, March & April) were used in the experiment-I and ten fertigation levels i.e. T1 [Drip irrigation and basal application of fertilizers], T2 , T3 and T4 [50 % RDF (N+K) at 3, 5 & 7 days interval through fertigation, respectively], T5 , T6 and T7 [75 % RDF (N+K) at 3, 5 & 7 days interval through fertigation, respectively] and T8 , T9 and T10 [100 % RDF (N+K) at 3, 5 & 7 days interval through fertigation, respectively] were used in the experiment-II. The different level of nutrients was applied on guava as per treatments through urea and MOP doses through fertigation and phosphorus applied through basal application.
* Research Scholar, Department of Horticulture, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Udaipur (Raj.).
** Professor, Department of Horticulture, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Udaipur (Raj.).
Maximum vegetative growth was recorded in 25% February, March and April pruning intensity under different spacing (1x1.5 m, 1.5x1.5 m, 2x1 m, 2x1.5 m, 2x2 m). PBZ foliar spray had maximum vegetative growth as compared to PBZ soil application. Under different spacing 50% February, March and April pruning gave maximum number of flowers shoot-1, per cent fruit set and per cent fruit retention. PBZ soil application resulted in higher number of flowers shoot-1 as compared to PBZ foliar spray. Maximum fruit weight and pulp weight were found in 50% February, March and April pruning. PBZ foliar spray had maximum fruit and pulp weight as compared to PBZ soil application. Maximum number of fruits plant-1 yield plant-1 and estimated yield ha-1 were found in 50% February, March and April pruning. PBZ soil application had maximum number of fruits plant-1 yield plant-1 and estimated yield ha-1 as compared to PBZ foliar spray. Number of fruits plant-1 and yield tree-1 increased with increasing plant distance but estimated yield ha-1 decreased with increasing plant distance. Only TSS was significantly different with the canopy management treatments. TSS was maximum under 50% February, March and April pruning intensity. PBZ foliar spray had maximum TSS as compared to PBZ soil application under different spacing.
Among the different spacing and 50 % pruning intensity at different time (February, March & April) maximum canopy volume, number of flowers shoot-1 and per cent fruit set obtained under S5P1 (2x2 m, 50% February pruning) and minimum in S1P3 (1x1.5 m, 50% April pruning). Maximum estimated yield (9.13 t ha-1) was obtained in S1P1 (1x1.5 m, 50% Feb. pruning) However, level S1P1, S2P1 and S3P1 were at par with each other. Maximum net returns Rs 1, 09, 610/ha was obtained in S2P1 (1.5x1.5 m, 50% February pruning) followed by Rs 92, 965/ha in S3P1 (2x1 m, 50% February pruning). Therefore, February pruning (50%) is recommended for higher yield and quality of guava.
Among different fertigation levels maximum vegetative growth, fruit weight, N, P and K content and their uptake along with WUE higher was under T8 [100 % RDF (N+K) at 3 days interval] while for flowering and chemical characteristics of fruit treatment T5 [75 % RDF (N+K) at 3 days interval] was found best under both the spacing (2x1 m and 2x2 m). Treatment T8 [100 % RDF (N+K) at 3 days interval] and T5 [75 % RDF (N+K) at 3 days interval] were found at par with each other for yield attributes under both the spacing. However, significantly higher FUE was recorded under T5 [75 % RDF (N+K) at 3 days interval]. Under both the spacing, maximum net returns was obtained in T8 [100 % RDF (N+K) at 3 days interval] which remained at par with treatment T5 [75 % RDF (N+K) at 3 days interval], however, maximum B: C ratio was obtained under T5 [75 % RDF (N+K) at 3 days interval]
Therefore, T5 [75 % RDF (N+K) at 3 days interval] treatment is recommended for sustainable higher yield, quality and economical guava production under ultra high density planting (2x1 m and 2x2 m).
Description
Canopy and Input Management in Guava (Psidium guajava L.) under Ultra High Density Planting System
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