Biointensive Management of Mustard Aphids, Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) and Myzus persicae (Sulzer)
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Date
2006
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MPUAT, Udaipur
Abstract
The investigation on “Biointensive management of mustard aphids, Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) and Myzus persicae (Sulzer)” was carried out at Agronomy Farm and Department of Entomology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Udaipur during rabi 2002-03 and 2003-04. The incidence of mustard aphid, L. erysimi initiated on mustard from first week of January and its peak population was recorded in second and first week of February during the year 2002-03 and 2003-04, respectively. On the basis of seasonal mean aphid population per plant the maximum numbers in the respective years were recorded on mustard + fenugreek (31.83 and 27.94) followed by other intercrops. The green peach aphid, M. persicae appeared a week later than L. erysimi but with lower intensity. The Coccinella septumpunctata was the dominant predator feeding aphids. The seasonal mean predator population was significantly higher on mustard + fenugreek, mustard + cumin and mustard + coriander than mustard sole. The mummification of aphids started from second week of January and maximum parasitization was observed during first to third week of February.
Date of sowing and intercropping had a significant effect on the incidence of both aphid species. The aphid population increased with delay in sowing. The lowest aphid population was recorded when the crop was sown on 15th October during 2002-03 and 2003-04, respectively. Among the intercrops, mustard + chickpea had the lowest aphid population than mustard sole and other intercrops when sown on 15th October during both the years, respectively.
The effect of intercropping did not have any significant difference in reducing the aphid population. The neem based products [neem oil (2%) and NSKE (10%)] caused maximum per cent reduction of the mustard aphids 1, 3,7 days after first and second sprays as compared to other plant products during both the years. A significant higher seed yield of mustard was recorded from mustard + chickpea intercrop than mustard sole and other intercroppings. While under plant products, highest yield of mustard was observed in neem oil (2%) and neem seed kernel extract (10%) than other plant products.
The minimum incubation period, larval period, pupal period and maximum per cent pupation and adult emergence was observed when the three predators Coccinella septumpunctata, Menochilus sexmaculatus and Chrysoperla carnea larvae were reared on the aphid Lipaphis erysimi diet as compared to Myzus persicae, Rophalosiphum maidis and Hyadaphis coriandari during 2003 and 2004.
The first, second, third, fourth instar grubs and adults of C. septumpunctata and M. sexmaculatus consumed maximum aphids of L. erysimi per day followed by that of M. persicae, R. maidis and H. coriandari during the two years of investigation. Similarly, first, second and third instar grubs of Chrysoperla carnea also devoured maximum aphids of L. erysimi as compared to the other aphid species during both the years.
Description
Biointensive Management of Mustard Aphids, Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) and Myzus persicae (Sulzer)
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Citation
Bunker and Rana, 2006