“HETEROSIS STUDIES IN OKRA [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench]”
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Date
2012
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Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri.
Abstract
The investigation on ‘‘Heterosis studies in Okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench ]’’ was conducted in Kharif, 2011 at All India Co-ordinated Research Project on Vegetable Crops, Department of Horticulture, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri. Seven diverse genotypes viz., Akola Bahar (P1), IC-89976 (P2), Parbhani Kranti (P3), IC-282237 (P4), Phule Utkarsha (P5), EC-329398 (P6) and IC-85814 (P7) were intermated in a 7 x 7 half diallel without reciprocal fashion during rabi, 2010 and the resulting 21 hybrids along with seven parents and a check (Hybrid) were sown in a randomized block design with three replications during Kharif, 2011. The data was recorded on days to 50 per cent flowering, plant height, number of branches per plant, number of nodes per plant, length of internode, days to first harvest, number of ridges on fruit, average fruit weight, average fruit diameter, average fruit length, first fruiting node, number of fruits per plant, yield per plant, yield per plot, incidence of YVMV, incidence of fruit borer, fruit colour, pubescence on fruit and seediness of fruit. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among treatments for all the characters. Per se performance revealed that the parent EC329398, IC-89976 and Akola Bahar were most promising. The cross combinations P4 (IC-282237) x P6 (EC329398), P1 (Akola Bahar) x P7 (IC-85814) and P1 (Akola Bahar) x P4 (IC-282237) exhibited highest percentage of positive heterosis for yield and yield contributing characters. It indicated the similarities in the inheritance of these traits and that distinct possibilities exist to pick up hybrids giving heterosis simultaneously for these characters. The parents Akola Bahar, EC-329398 and IC282237 were the good general combiners as they exhibited significant performance for yield and yield contributing components. From the studies on specific combining ability, it was observed that the cross combination combination P4 (IC-282237) x P6 (EC-329398), P6 (EC-329398) x P7 (IC-85814) and P3 (Parbhani Kranti ) x P5 (Phule Utkarsha) produced significant and desired sca effect for most of the characters studied. These crosses deserve due consideration for their further exploitation as commercial hybrids as they produced higher yield and also showed significant sca effects. The ratio of additive variance to dominance variance was more than unity for plant height, days to 50 per cent flowering and average fruit diameter indicating importance of additive gene action and these characters should be improved by simple selection procedure. While rest of the characters are governed by non-additive gene action hence these characters can be improved by developing hybrids. Considering the per se performance, heterosis and combining ability effects the P4 x P6 , P1 x P7 and P1 x P4 appeared promising hybrids which can be commercially further exploited.
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